LAA Flashcards
Health
Health is the absence of disease, pain or disability.
ill-health
A recognised medical condition defined by medical professional’s.
Biomedical definition
the absence for physical disease, the aim of treatment is to return someone to the pre-illness.
Biopsychosocial definition
views ill health as not just biological reasons but psychological and sociological factors. also views health on a continuum.
Health on a continuum
factors:
Biological: genes
Psychology: stress
Social: family
stress
emotional response to stimuli of stress:
physical stress: things in our environment that cause stress
psychological stress: major things in our life’s, daily hassles and personality.
perceived ability to cope
you think you can cope= no stress
if you think you cant= stress
psychological stress occurs when demands of environment>ability to cope.
internal resources= resilience
external= support
addiction
physiological= addicted/dependent on substance
behavioural addiction= addicted to behaviour
Griffith’s six components to addiction
- Salience
- Tolerance
- Withdrawal
- Relapse
- Conflict
- Mood alteration
- Salience
physical and psychological dependence
conflict in leading a normal life
crave and think about addiction
- Tolerance
requires and increased dose to achieve same effects as original dose
can also occurs in behaviour
- Withdrawal
when addict stops addictive behaviour they begin to experience side effects
physiological: headaches, nausea loss of appetite
psychological: irritability low mood
- Relapse
person falls back into addictive behaviour after stopping, it occur after a long time and can happen repeatedly
- Conflict
the addictive behaviour causes conflict
conflict us interpersonally through addict and non-addict
addict will chose short term pleasure regardless of consequence
intrapersonal conflict between addiction and desire to stop
- Mood alteration
addictive activity causes positive and negative consequences
some may feel a rush/high others numbness
same addiction can cause different effects for different occasions
Biological approach
genetic predisposition
neurotransmitters
Genetic predisposition
genetic predisposition: someone people may have an increased likely hood to getting a disease based on genes.
it is doesn’t directly cause to disease but contributes to it
scientists do no full understand genes because they are a complex interaction between millions of other genes and our environment
Neurotransmitters
-chemical messengers
-corrects boosts and balances signals between neurotransmitters
they can become imbalanced because of our diet, environment and drugs.
Evaluation (Genes) (strengths)
Implications for healthcare
Objective approach
Implications for healthcare
if a specific gene is known for being the direct cause of an illness then that could allow for screening of that gene so more effective treatment can be made.
Objective approach
Scientific approach to health, does not make judgements on behaviour and is supported by good methodology so there is confidence in its validity.
weaknesses
influence of environment
deterministic
influence of environment
focus is solely on biology and ignores environment, instead should focus on interactionalism of both factors
Deterministic
behaviour is fixed by our biology- nothing we can do about it
claims we have no free will over our behaviour
