LAA

Question 1

Health

Answer 1

Health is the absence of disease, pain or disability.

Question 2

ill-health

Answer 2

A recognised medical condition defined by medical professional’s.

Question 3

Biomedical definition

Answer 3

the absence for physical disease, the aim of treatment is to return someone to the pre-illness.

Question 4

Biopsychosocial definition

Answer 4

views ill health as not just biological reasons but psychological and sociological factors. also views health on a continuum.

Question 5

Health on a continuum

Answer 5

factors:
Biological: genes
Psychology: stress
Social: family

Question 6

stress

Answer 6

emotional response to stimuli of stress:
physical stress: things in our environment that cause stress
psychological stress: major things in our life’s, daily hassles and personality.

Question 7

perceived ability to cope

Answer 7

you think you can cope= no stress
if you think you cant= stress
psychological stress occurs when demands of environment>ability to cope.
internal resources= resilience
external= support

Question 8

addiction

Answer 8

physiological= addicted/dependent on substance
behavioural addiction= addicted to behaviour

Question 9

Griffith’s six components to addiction

Answer 9

1. Salience
2. Tolerance
3. Withdrawal
4. Relapse
5. Conflict
6. Mood alteration

Question 10

1. Salience

Answer 10

physical and psychological dependence
conflict in leading a normal life
crave and think about addiction

Question 11

2. Tolerance

Answer 11

requires and increased dose to achieve same effects as original dose
can also occurs in behaviour

Question 12

3. Withdrawal

Answer 12

when addict stops addictive behaviour they begin to experience side effects
physiological: headaches, nausea loss of appetite
psychological: irritability low mood

Question 13

4. Relapse

Answer 13

person falls back into addictive behaviour after stopping, it occur after a long time and can happen repeatedly

Question 14

5. Conflict

Answer 14

the addictive behaviour causes conflict
conflict us interpersonally through addict and non-addict
addict will chose short term pleasure regardless of consequence
intrapersonal conflict between addiction and desire to stop

Question 15

6. Mood alteration

Answer 15

addictive activity causes positive and negative consequences
some may feel a rush/high others numbness
same addiction can cause different effects for different occasions

Question 16

Biological approach

Answer 16

genetic predisposition
neurotransmitters

Question 17

Genetic predisposition

Answer 17

genetic predisposition: someone people may have an increased likely hood to getting a disease based on genes.
it is doesn’t directly cause to disease but contributes to it
scientists do no full understand genes because they are a complex interaction between millions of other genes and our environment

Question 18

Neurotransmitters

Answer 18

-chemical messengers
-corrects boosts and balances signals between neurotransmitters

they can become imbalanced because of our diet, environment and drugs.

Question 19

Evaluation (Genes) (strengths)

Answer 19

Implications for healthcare
Objective approach

Question 20

Implications for healthcare

Answer 20

if a specific gene is known for being the direct cause of an illness then that could allow for screening of that gene so more effective treatment can be made.

Question 21

Objective approach

Answer 21

Scientific approach to health, does not make judgements on behaviour and is supported by good methodology so there is confidence in its validity.

Question 22

weaknesses

Answer 22

influence of environment
deterministic

Question 23

influence of environment

Answer 23

focus is solely on biology and ignores environment, instead should focus on interactionalism of both factors

Question 24

Deterministic

Answer 24

behaviour is fixed by our biology- nothing we can do about it
claims we have no free will over our behaviour

Question 25

Evaluation neurotransmitters (strengths)

Answer 25

implications for health care
objective approach

Question 26

Implications for health care

Answer 26

if it is know that depression is caused by a imbalance of a neural transmitter then the correct medication can be given to boost that neurotransmitter

Question 27

objective approach

Answer 27

Scientific approach to health, does not make judgements on behaviour and is supported by good methodology so there is confidence in its validity.

Question 28

weaknesses (neurotransmitter)

Answer 28

influence of environment
deterministic

Question 29

influence of environment

Answer 29

focus is solely on biology (neurotransmitters) and ignores environment, instead should focus on interactionalism of both factors

Question 30

deterministic

Answer 30

behaviour is fixed by our biology- nothing we can do about it
claims we have no free will over our behaviour

Question 31

Behaviourist approach

Answer 31

classical conditioning:
cue is a something that prompts memory (internal or external)
operant conditioning
forming a link between behaviour (operant) and consequences.
positive reinforcement behaviour=pleasant reward
negative reinforcement=behaviour=removal of unpleasant stimuli

Question 32

evaluation (strengths)

Answer 32

effective treatments have been devolved
-eversion therapy

Question 33

evaluation (weaknesses)

Answer 33

deterministic
do not have full free will in choosing behaviour
ignores effect of cognitive thought process

Question 34

social learning approach