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5 Ortho > L8 UE Orthoses > Flashcards

L8 UE Orthoses Flashcards

1
Q

Orthosis Definition

A

externally applied device used to modify the structural and functional characteristics of the neuro muscular and skeletal systems by applying forces to the body

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2
Q

Types of orthoses

A

static
serial static
static progressive
dynamic
functional

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3
Q

All orthoses should come with…

A

education
differentiates PTs from orthotic fitters/techs

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4
Q

Orthoses can be either

A

fabricated or off the shelf

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5
Q

Functions of orthotics

A

immobilization
positioning
mobilization

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6
Q

What are the benefits of immobilization with orthotics?

A

provide symptom relef
protect healing structure
provide joint alignment

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7
Q

Positioning/Mobilizing Orthosis

A

designed to change or mobilize tissues
blocks one motion and transfer muscle force to another joint
helps assist weak or absent joint motion

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8
Q

Example of use for positioning orthosis

A

radial nerve palsy
lack of wrist and digit extension

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9
Q

Restriction Orthosis

A

limits mobility within a prescribed safe range

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10
Q

Static Orthosis

A

immobilization/protection in an acute phase
positioning for capsular length safe position

removable for hygiene
removable for early motion when permitted

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11
Q

Serial Static Orthosis

A

contracture correction or mobilizing
provides low load in long duration stretch
can be worn full time or nocturnally
casting falls into this category
can be removed as tissue change happens

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12
Q

Serial Casting

A

use of plaster to hold tissue in elongated state. the cast is changed and reapplied 2-3 times per week w/mobs. Done until contracture is resolved

Goal is 5° of change in the contracture with each change of the cast

Overall purpose is provide prolong stretch to soft tissues

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13
Q

Static Progressive Orthosis

A

Provides static pull, low load long duration stretching using non-dynamic components like velcro or turnbuckles

Purpose is to correct contracture, and the pt has control of the stress load/tension

used for claw hand contracture

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14
Q

Claw Hand Contracture orthosis

A

placed into MCP flexion and IP extension

serial static hood adjusts as MCP gains flexion

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15
Q

Primary tissue involved in joint stiffness

A

periarticular connective tissue like ligament and joint capsule

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16
Q

Increase in PROM is directly proportional to the

A

time the joint is held at end range

17
Q

Low load prolonged stretch was more effective than

A

high load brief stretch in treatment of stiff joints

18
Q

To increase PROM 5°

A

static progressive splint or serial casting

19
Q

To increase PROM 15°

A

static splint

20
Q

An increase needed for 20°or more of PROM

A

don’t use a splint

21
Q

Dynamic Orthoses

A

use of elastic or spring tension to position

motion can occur against resistance and dynamic component returns segment to original positing protecting anatomic musculotendinous unit that is intended to do that particular motion

22
Q

Functional Orthosis Uses

A

ulnar nerve palsy, unable to flex MCP to allow for grasp

would use a anti claw orthosis allowing grasp

23
Q

Mobilization Orthosis

A

lack of joint mobility
requires 90° line of pull and frequent adjustments

24
Q

Low Temp Thermoplastics

A

material is activated at 140-170°
material can be applied directly to patients skin

25
Q

Characteristics of low temp thermoplastics

A

rigidity
memory
coating
conformability
resistance to stretch
thickness
perforation

26
Q

Types of orthotic based on fabrication

A
  1. Off the shelf/prefabricated
  2. Pre-fabricated with custom components
  3. Custom Orthotics (static, static progressive, dynamic)
27
Q

Prefabricated Orthoses

A

Wrist cock up
exos
push metagrip
oval 8
silver ring splints
healy weber cubital tunnel

28
Q

Orthotic Fabrication

A

Need to:
1. ask if your patient has any sensory deficits
2. Protect bony prominences
3. Protect superficial nerves
4. Educate your patient about the purpose
5. Educate your patient on the wear and care of the orthosis

29
Q

DO NOT

A

immobilize what does not need to be immobilized

  1. clear the flexion crease of any joint that you want flexion at
  2. Clear the full thenar eminence if you want motion of the thumb
  3. Check the patient’s motion
  4. Check their ability to hold an item for function if that is permitted
30
Q

How to protect bony prominences

A

prepad so once padding is removed there is an area of relief

cut material away from area

adding padding to a sensitive area ADDS PRESSURE

31
Q

Trigger Finger Orthosis

A

Custom: volar paddle, PIP ful cylinder, PIP 3/4 cylinder

Off the shelf: Oval 8, trigger finger solutions

32
Q

Hand Based Thumb Spica Orthosis

A

Many types, based on personal preference

Purpose is to limit CMC motion, limit MCP motion, allow function

Diagnoses used for CMC OA, MCP sprain

5 Ortho (14 decks)

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