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2014 Genetics Topic 3: RG > L8 > Flashcards

L8 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

true or false, TEs are extremely abundant in eukaryote genomes

A

true

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2
Q

true or false, most TE are relics and incapable of movement

A

true

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3
Q

What is the Ac element

A

discovered by McClintock, standard non replicative DNA TE

  • causes mutability by excision from gene
  • Ac DNA can jump from place to place
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4
Q

true or false, Ac element causes mutability by excision from gene

A

true

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5
Q

true or false, Ac DNA can jump from place to place

A

true

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6
Q

true or false, Ac element blocks transcripting and splicing

A

true

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7
Q

true or false, Ac transposase conservatively

A

true

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8
Q

true or false, excision of Ac is imprecise and leaves insertions 6-8 bp

A

true

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9
Q

true or false, Ac insertions in coding region are usually inactive, non mutable

A

true

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10
Q

true or false, classical mutable alleles are caused by insertion into introns or promoters

A

true

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11
Q

what is Ds

A

dissociator element (site of chromosomal breaks); non autonamous

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12
Q

what is Ac

A

activator element (activation of dissociator); autonamous, can hop by itself

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13
Q

true or false, Both Ds and Ac can transpose, but Ds needs Ac in the same cell to do so

A

true

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14
Q

why is Ds non autonamous

A

lack active transposase

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15
Q

true or false, Ds elements are simple deletion mutants of Ac, contain the same terminal repeats as Ac

A

true

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16
Q

what is the P element in Drosophila

A

standard DNA TE

17
Q

true or false, P element target germ line cells

A

true

18
Q

how large is the human genome

A

3.2 Gb

19
Q

human genome total protein coding region number of genes

A

21000 genes

20
Q

how many TEs in human genome

A

3 M (45%)

21
Q

what are the major classes of TE repeats

A

DNA TE
retroviral
LINE
SINE

22
Q

what are the RNA transposable elements

A

retroviral
LINE
SINE

23
Q

size retroviral

A

5-10 kb

24
Q

size of LINE

A

6-8 kb

25
Q

size of SINE

A

100-300 bp

26
Q

true or false, there is a strong correlation between TE content and genome size

A

true

27
Q

name a yeast transposable element

A

Ty1

28
Q

how many DR does Ty1 make at insertion sites

A

5 bp

29
Q

what are LINEs

A
  • long interspersed elements
  • abundant in mammalian genomes (100 000 copies)
  • encode a single protein with both RT activity and inegrase activity
  • transpose via RNA
  • no terminal repeats
30
Q

what are SINES

A
  • short interspersed elements
  • transpose via RNA
  • extremely abundant in mammalian genome
  • 300 bp long, do not code for genes, and are probably derived from cellular RNAs involved in splicing
  • SINEs are therefore non autonamous- appear to use the LINE protein for transposition
  • no terminal repeats
  • generate short DRs when they integrate
31
Q

true or false, most eukaryote TEs move infrequently

A

true

32
Q

true or false, only 9000 transpostion events in total in humans then

A

true

33
Q

true or false, individuals differ at 285 loci per genome

A

true

34
Q

why are TEs conserved

A

allowed rearrangement of DNA

2014 Genetics Topic 3: RG (10 decks)

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