L7 Part2 5 Fungal Phyla

Question 1

Chytridiomycita (water mould) division is mainly?

Answer 1

Aquatic

Question 2

First grouped into—— later classified as fungus

Answer 2

Protista

Question 3

Some species are _____ while others _______ protists, plants and animals

Answer 3

Saprobes

Question 4

Their cell wall is ____

Answer 4

Chitinous

Question 5

The most primitive fungi: evolved from protists and retained____

Answer 5

Flagella

Question 6

Zygomycota division ( Bread mild) involves

Answer 6

Zygote mated hyphal strands

Question 7

The hyphae have no____

Answer 7

Septum (coenocytic)

Question 8

They live in

Answer 8

Soil,water or decaying material

Question 9

Asexual spores may be produced in

Answer 9

Sporangia

Question 10

Sexual reproduction occurs between + and - strains forming

Answer 10

2n zygote. zygospore develops and lies dormant for a long period of time

Question 11

____ occurs just before germination

Answer 11

Meiosis

Question 12

Some are____

Answer 12

Parasite (pathogens)

Question 13

Ascomycota division (sac fungi) include

Answer 13

Unicellular yeasts and complex multicellular cup fungi

Question 14

Hyphae are ___

Answer 14

Septated

Question 15

In asexual reproduction tips of specialised hyphae form ____

Answer 15

Conidia ( chains of haploid asexual spores)

Question 16

In sexual reproduction haploid ____ of opposite mating strains fuse

Answer 16

Mycelia

Question 17

Basidiomycota division (club fungi) are _____

Answer 17

Decomposers of wood,leaves, plant material

Question 18

Members include

Answer 18

Mycorrhiza forming mutualists
Mushroom shaped fungi
Plant parasites ( rusts and smuts)

Question 19

Characterised by ____ _____ that reproduces _____ via _____

Answer 19

Dikaryotic mycelium; sexually; basidiocarp

Question 20

Development in basidiomycota 1

Answer 20

Haploid basidiospores grow into short-lived haploid mycelia: under certain conditions, plasmogamy occurs

Question 21

2

Answer 21

Resulting dikaryotic mycelium grows forming mycorrhiza or mushrooms (basidiocarps)

Question 22

3

Answer 22

Mushroom cap supports and protects gills: karyogamy in the terminal, dikaryotic cells lining the gills produces diploid basidia

Question 23

4

Answer 23

Resulting basidium immediately undergoes meiosis producing four haploid basidiospores

Question 24

5

Answer 24

Asexual reproduction less common than in ascomycetes

Question 25

Bioluminescence in Mushrooms

Answer 25

Mycena

Question 26

Beneficial Effects of Fungi

Answer 26

Decomposition - nutrient and carbon recycling
– Biosynthetic factories. Can be used to produce drugs, antibiotics, alcohol, acids, food (e.g., fermented products, mushrooms)
– Model organisms for biochemical and genetic studies

Question 27

Harmful Effects of Fungi

Answer 27

– Destruction of food, lumber, paper, and cloth
– Animal and human diseases, including allergies
– Toxins produced by poisonous mushrooms and within food (e.g., grain, cheese, etc.)
– Plant diseases