L5 Principles of Secretory Immunity in the Respiratory Tract

Question 1

What are the functional protection of both airways and alveoli?

Answer 1

1. AIRWAYS :
   - physical : mechanical barriers
   - chemical : soluble antimicrobial proteins
   - phagocytic : neutrophils
2. ALVEOLI :
   - BALT
   - IGA
   - alveolar macrophages

Question 2

What are the immune responses to the microbes that enter by inhalation or circulation ?

Answer 2

1. INHALATION
   - killed by the immune
   - persist in the lung with damage
   - septicemia
2. Circulation
   - adaptive immunity

Question 3

What are the soluble anti-microbial peptides ?

Answer 3

1. Lactoferrin
2. Lysozyme
3. Defensin

Question 4

What will happen when the respiratory epithelium sense that there is pathogens ?

Answer 4

Either :

1. Release of anti-microbial peptides
2. Produces cytokines ( TSLP / IL-25 / IL-33 )

Question 5

What are the components of innate immunity ?

Answer 5

1. Physical barriers ( skin/ hair / cilia/ mucus )
2. Chemical barriers ( soluble peptides / pH )
3. Phagocytic response ( macro/nutro/ dendritic )
4. Inflammatory response

Question 6

How phagocytic cells recognize the pathogens ?

Answer 6

The have pattern recognition receptors ( PRR ) to recognize pathogen associated molecular pattern ( PAMP )

Question 7

What are the components of BALT ?

Answer 7

1. Lymphocytes
2. Plasma cells
3. Phagocytic cells

Question 8

What are the components of IgA ?

Answer 8

1. Dimer
2. J chain ( attaches to the receptor in epithelial cells )
3. Secretory proteins