L49: Nutrition and Cancer Flashcards
Dietary factors that decrease the risk of colon/rectal cancer
Exercise/physical activity
Dietary fiber
Milk
Calcium
Dietary factors that increase the risk of colon/rectal cancer
Processed meat
Red meat
Alcohol
Body fatness (high BMI)
Abdominal fatness
Tallness
Dietary factors that decrease the risk of premenopausal breast cancer
Lactation
Body fatness
Dietary factors that increase the risk of premenopausal breast cancer
Alcohol
Tallness
Greater birth weight
Dietary factors that decrease the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer
Lactation
Exercise/physical activity
Dietary factors that increase the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer
Alcohol
Tallness
Body fatness
Abdominal fatness
Adult weight gain
Dietary factors that decrease the risk of prostate cancer
Foods containing lycopene
Dietary factors that increase the risk of prostate cancer
High diet calcium
Dietary factors that decrease the risk of ovarian cancer
None known
Dietary factors that increase the risk of ovarian cancer
Tallness
Body fatness
Which cancers are more prevalent in “affluent” countries? “Poor” countries?
Affluent: lung, colorectal, breast, prostate
Poor: gastric, liver, oral cavity, esophagus, uterine cervix
What cancers does calcium increase/decrease the risk of?
Decreases risk: colorectal cancer
Increases risk: prostate cancer
Risk of what cancers if increased by body fatness?
Esophagus
Pancreas
Colorectal
Postmenopausal breast
Kidney
Endometrium cancers
Gallbladder cancer
What cancers are prevented by low body fat?
Endometrial
Esophogeal adenocarcinoma
Gastric cardia
Kidney
Liver
Pancreas
Multiple myeloma
Meningioma
Gallbladder
Colorectal
Postmenopausal breast
Ovarian
Thyroid
What cancers does tallness increase the risk for?
Colorectal
Postmenopausal breast
Pancreas
Ovary
Premenopausal breast
What cancers are prevented by vegetables (non-starchy) and fruits?
Mouth, larynx, pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Lung (for fruits)
What cancers does alcohol increase the risk of?
Mouth
Pharynx
Larynx
Esophagus
Colorectal
Pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer
Liver
What cancers does salt increase the risk of?
Stomach cancer
What dietary supplements increase/decrease the risk of cancers?
Beta-carotene supplements increase the risk of lung cancer
Calcium decreases the risk of colorectal cancer
Vitamin E decreases the risk of prostate cancer but causes more strokes
Adherence w/ diet/exercise guidelines decreases incidence with which cancers?
Breast
Endometrial
Colorectal
