Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANAT 315 > L4 The Thoracic Wall > Flashcards

L4 The Thoracic Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Name the structures

A
  1. Functions
    • Protection (Lungs, heart, …)
    • Support and structure
  2. Borders
    • Sternum (anterior)
    • Thoracic spine (T1-T12)
    • Ribs (I-XII)
    • Superior thoracic aperture (Thoracic inlet)
      • Top of sternum, T1 and Rib I
    • Inferior thoracic aperture (Thoracic outlet)
      • Infrasternal angle (Inferior – sternum)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three types of ribs?

A
  • True ribs (I-VII)
    • Direct insertion onto sternum via costal cartilage
  • False ribs (VIII-X)
    • Indirect insertion onto sternum via costal margin
    • Costal margin merges with costal cartilage of Rib VII
    • Infrasternal angle
  • Floating ribs (XI-XII)
    • No anterior attachment (only posterior onto thoracic vertebrae)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the typical features on the rib?

A
  • Head of the rib (posterior)
    • Crest
    • Neck
    • Tubercle (most posterior)
      • Articulates with vertebral column
  • Costal angle and body
    • Costal groove (neurovascular supply)
  • Costal cartilage (anterior)
  • 3 articular surfaces
  1. Costal cartilage (ant.)
  2. Head (post.)
  3. Tubercle (post.)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the facets of the vertebra that articulates with the rib?

A
  1. Demi facets (superior, inferior)
    • On the body
  2. Costal facets
    • On the transverse processes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the joints connecting the rib and the vertebra?

A
  1. Costovertebral joint
    • Two separate synovial joints (movement during respiration)
      • Plane/Gliding
    • Head of the rib (costo-) – Body of the vertebral bone – Own level AND vertebra above
    • Two demi facets – Two vertebral bone
    • Ie. Rib IV – T4 and T3
  2. Costotransverse joint
    • Tubercle of the rib (costo-) – Costal facet on transverse process of thoracic vertebra at own level
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the different types of ribs?

A
  1. True ribs (I-VII)
    • Direct insertion onto sternum via costal cartilage
  2. False ribs (VIII-X)
    • Indirect insertion onto sternum via costal margin
    • Costal margin merges with costal cartilage of Rib VII
    • Infrasternal angle
  3. Floating ribs (XI-XII)
    • No anterior attachment (only posterior onto thoracic vertebrae)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the anterior joints of the thoracic cage?

A
  1. Costochondral (rib-cartilage) – Solid synchondrosis joint (cartilage)
  2. Sternocostal (sternum-rib) – Synovial, plane/gliding

Exception: 1st rib – Synchondrosis

Should be called sterno-chondral

  1. Interchondral (between-cartilage) – Between costal cartilages of false ribs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the different parts of the sternum. Which vertebrae level correspond to the jugular notch and the xiphoid process?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Identify the two superficial muscles of the thoracic wall

A

1st layer

  1. External intercostal muscles ( \ )
    • Anterior, inferior (hands in pockets)

2nd layer

  1. Internal intercostal membrane
  2. Internal intercostal muscles ( / )
    • Anterior, superior (thumb in armpit palm interior)

1.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the muscles composing the third layer of anterior thoracic wall muscles?

A

3rd layer

  1. Innermost intercostal muscles ( \ )
  2. Transversus Thoracis
    1. “Christmas tree”
    2. Body of sternum / Xiphoid process – Ribs 2-6
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The top of the diaphragm corresponds with which rib? Which side is higher? Why?

A
  1. Right and left dome
    • Central tendon
    • Right side higher than left
      • Liver under right dome
    • Rib 5
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which spinal nerves innervate the diaphragm? Where do the neruovascular structures travel in regards to their corresponding rib?

A

“C3, C4, C5 – Keeps the diaphragm alive!”

  1. Right and left Phrenic nerve
  2. Innervated by two nerves (collateral)

“VAN”

  1. Intercostal Vein, Artery and Nerve superiorly,
  2. Between 2nd and 3rd layer (Internal and innermost intercostal muscles)
  3. Protected by costal groove
  4. In case of lung failure and fluid inside thoracic cavity, insert chest tube placement ABOVE rib
  5. NAV located inferiorly for collateral
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the arterial system of the thoracic wall

A
  • Anterior

Aorta

  • sublcavian artries
  • internal thoracic arteries
  • anterior/posterior intercostal arteries (linked via anastomosis)
  • musculophrenic artery/superior epigastric artery

+ Subcostal arteries (rib 11/12), directly from the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the venal system of the thoracic wall

A

Anterior

  1. Superior epigastric + Musculophrenic
  2. Internal thoracic veins
    1. Anterior intercostal veins
  3. Brachiocephalic trunk
  4. SVC

Posterior

  1. Left posterior intercostal vein
  2. Hemiazygos vein
  3. Bridge
  4. Azygos vein
      • Right posterior intercostal vein
  5. SVC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nervous system of the thoracic wall?

A
  1. Ventral rami
  2. Intercostal nerve
  3. Lateral cutaneous nerve
  4. Anterior cutaneous nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly

ANAT 315 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions