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CNM S1 Revision > L4 - Herbal medicine > Flashcards

L4 - Herbal medicine Flashcards

1
Q

What is photochemistry & its primary & secondary metabolites?

A

The study of plant derived chemicals

Primary = plant compounds needed for plant to grow/function

Secondary = compound plant produces in response to environment to assist its survival - active in humans & central in herbal medicine!

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2
Q

4 primary metabolites in plants?

A

Starch = energy storage

Chlorophyll = carb production

Cellulose = withstand cellular pressure - shape

Lignin = structural support- skeleton

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3
Q

2 examples of secondary metabolites?

A

Coffee beans - caffeine (an alkaloid) is a natural pesticide & stimulates human NS

Tannins - protect woody part of plant from decomposition/insects - reduce watery mucous in humans eg green tea

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4
Q

What’s an infusion & when to use?

A

2tsp/cup x 3

Extract water soluble photochemicals

Delicate plants leaves/flowers

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5
Q

What’s a decoction & when to use?

A

Roots/barks that need ‘cooking’ to extract water soluble photochemicals

Simmer for 15mins

1tsp/cup x 3

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6
Q

What’s a syrup & when to use

A

Decoction + sweetener (preserves)

Good; children or if need to hold in mouth/throat

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7
Q

What’s a TINCTURE & uses?

A

Extracts FAT soluble photochemicals

Steep in alcohol or vinegar (preserves)

Concentrated & fast acting

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8
Q

What are GLYCERITES & uses?

A

Stoped in glycerine (thick/sweet fat/oil)

If can’t consume alcohol - but reduced extraction & shelf life

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9
Q

What is a POULTICE & examples?

A

Crushed herbs applied directly to skin & held with bandage

COMFREY - knit bone, fractures

PLANTAIN- skin bruises, bites, inflammation

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10
Q

5 Herbal actions for digestion

A

Bitter (stimulate excretion), dandelion

Aromatic (strong digestion), cardomon

Carminative (relax), peppermint

Demulcent (mucous), slipper elm

Antiemetic (< nausea), ginger

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11
Q

6 PHYTOCHEMICAL examples?

A

ALKALOIDS - stimulate NS, berberine

ANTHRAQUINONES - evacuation, senna

FLAVONOIDS- anti oxidant/viral

SAPONINS - adaptogenic, steroid effect, liquorice

TANNINS- astringent, dries, green tea

TERPENES- antispasmodic GI & lungs & antimicrobial, lavender

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12
Q

What is CHOLERETIC & CHOLAGOGUE?

A

CHOLERETIC - increases bile, dandelion

CHOLAGOGUE - stimulates gallbladder to release stored bile, artichoke

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13
Q

What is a DIAPHORETIC?
(Note; respiratory)

A

Promotes sweating/fever eg cinnamon

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14
Q

What do the following mean in relation to the NS?

Nootropic
Nervine
Thymoleptic
Sedative
Anxiolytic

A

Nootropic = enhance brain
Nervine = relaxes
Thymoleptic = mood lifting
Sedative = sleep
Anxiolytic = anxiety relief

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15
Q

What is meant by Emmenagogue?

A

Promotes menstruation

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16
Q

What is meant by galactagogue?

A

Promotes breast milk production

17
Q

What is an adaptogen vs a Tonic?

A

Adaptogens:
> stress resilience, exerted by processes mediated by HPA
CONSERVE energy

Tonics:
>vigour & function
RESTORE energy

18
Q

REPRO - Dong Quai

A

HPO regulator
Absent/Irregular cycle
>circulation
<inflammation

Endometriosis, PMs, Menopause

19
Q

REPRO - Chaste Berry

A

Low progesterone
(< ovulation, fertility, lactation)
(>miscarriages)
Regulate post OCP

20
Q

REPRO - Shatavri

A

She who has 100 husbands!

Libido, Vag dryness, ED, infertility

21
Q

REPRO - Black Cohosh

A

Phyto oestrogen
Menopause
Dysmenorrhea
Cramps (pms)
OA, RA

22
Q

ADAPTOGENS/TONICS

Aswaghanda

A

Comforts not whips up
Sedation, Insomnia, night thoughts
>GABA, nervine
Blood building
Immune/autoimmune
ED, >sperm quality

23
Q

ADAPTOGENS/TONICS

Korean Ginseng

A

K for Kick!
Stimulating!
Like double espresso
Energy, fatigue
> mental/physical performance

24
Q

ADAPTOGENS/TONICS

Siberian Ginseng

A

S = soothing

Convalescing
Immune modulating
Chronically low immune
General debility, fatigue, low mood

25
Q

DIGESTIVE
Aloe Vera

A

Anti inflammatory<COX/LOX
> callogen

26
Q

DIGESTIVE

Chamomile

A

Mother of Gut!
Anti inflammatory
Carmative, <cramps
IBS, IBD, indigestion, ulcers
Stress, sleep, colic
Eczema (topical)

27
Q

DIGESTIVE

Green Cardamon

A

Increase digestive fire
Farting, bloating
Carmative
Hypertension

28
Q

DIGESTIVE

Fennel

A

> lactation
Baby colic
Indigestion
IBS
Appetite stimulate

29
Q

DIGESTIVE

Peppermint

A

Anti-spasmodic - blocks Ca channels
Antiemetic (nausea)
Colic, flactulance, IBS
Tension headache
Relaxes LOS - avoid with GORD

30
Q

DIGESTIVE

Oregano

A

Anti bacterial/fungal
GI infections- candida, e-coli, h-pylori
Flactulance, bloating

31
Q

DIGESTIVE

Ginger

A

Antiemetic
Carmative
Anti inflammatory
Prokinetic - >digestive fire & Mmr
> circulation (raynauds)
Expels gas

32
Q

DIGESTIVE

Liquorice

A

Anti inflammatory (like cortisol)
adrenal tonic (spares cortisol)
Demulcent, thins mucous
Expectorant
Liver protection
Antivirals, EBV
Protects mucosa- >blood & mucous - h pylori, gord, gastritis,
PCOS < ovarian testosterone
Oestrogen dominance- <4-OH
Avoid: HBP, odema

33
Q

LIVER

Globe Artichoke

A

Stimulates gall bladder
Choloretic (> bile production)
Modulates LDL:HDL

34
Q

LIVER

Dandelion

A

CHOLERETIC - stimulates bile production
CHOLAGOGUE - stimulate bile discharge from gallbladder
Sluggish digestion
Low appetite
Gallstones
Flactulance
Colic

35
Q

LIVER

Milk Thistle

A

Regenerating liver cells post detox
Binds to cell membranes protecting from toxins
Modulates phase 1:2
> glutathione production by liver
Cirrhosis, hepatitis, fatty liver

36
Q

4 Herbs that support respiratory

A

Thyme - ur time is up microbes! Expectorant

Sage - anti spasmodic, microbial, < heat & sweating, sore throat

Cinnamon - warming, > circulation, > IS

Garlic - natures antibiotic- > immune, NO, <BP, anti-platelet

37
Q

IMMUNE
3 herbs & uses

A

Astragalus- post viral; ME, Lyme, anti cancer, cardiotonic

Turmeric- anti-inflammatory, anti cancer (induces adiposis), neuro-protective, anti-platelets

Echinacea- immune modulation, flu/virus, anti inflammatory

38
Q

Nervous System herbs x 5

A

GINKGO BILOBA - Nootropic, neuro-protective , memory/concentration, >circulation

LAVENDER- nervine, spasms, anti-depressant > serotonin, anti-candida, stress headaches

PASSION FLOWER- Anxiety, stimulates GABA, nervousness, racing heart, agitation

ROSEMARY- > circulation, cardio tonic, >memory/concentration, mental performance, nootropic, supports phase 1:2

ST. JOHNS WART - inhibits COMT & MAO, increases GABA, helps; anxiety, irritability
Antiviral - herpes, HIv, Shingles
Insomnia

CNM S1 Revision (4 decks)

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