L3.2 Energy, producers, and consumers

Question 1

What are primary producers?

Answer 1

Primary producers are the first producers of energy-rich compounds that are later used by other organisms.

Question 2

why do organisms need energy

Answer 2

growth, reproduction, and metabolic

processes.

Question 3

what Energy do organisms use to live

Answer 3

sunlight is the ultimate energy source.

For some organisms,
however, the chemical energy stored in inorganic
chemical compounds serve as the ultimate energy source for life processes.

Question 4

autotrophs

Answer 4

Plants, algae, and certain bacteria can capture energy from sunlight or
chemicals and convert them into forms that living cells can use
Autotrophs are also called primary producers.

Question 5

photosynthesis.

Answer 5

Plants are the main photosynthetic producers on land.

Algae fill that role in freshwater ecosystems and the sunlit upper ocean.

Photosynthetic bacteria, most commonly cyanobacteria, are important

primary producers in tidal flats and salt marshes.

Question 6

chemosynthesis

Answer 6

Deep-sea ecosystems depend on primary producers that harness chemical energy from inorganic molecules such as hydrogen sulfide.

The use of chemical energy to produce carbohydrates is called chemosynthesis.

Question 7

How do consumers obtain energy and nutrients?

Answer 7

Organisms that rely on other organisms for energy and nutrients are called consumers.

Question 8

heterotrophs (consumers)

Answer 8

Organisms that must acquire energy from other organisms by ingesting in
some way

Question 9

Carnivores

Answer 9

kill and eat other animals, and include snakes, dogs,

cats

Question 10

Scavengers

Answer 10

animals that consume the carcasses of other animals that have been killed by predators or have died of other causes.

Question 11

Decomposers

Answer 11

feed by chemically breaking down organic matter. The decay caused by decomposers is part of the process that produces detritus

Question 12

detritus

Answer 12

small pieces of dead and decaying plant and animal remains.

Question 13

Herbivores

Answer 13

obtain energy and nutrients by eating plant leaves, roots, seeds, or fruits.
such as cows

Question 14

Omnivores

Answer 14

animals whose diets naturally include a variety of different foods that usually include both plants and animals.

Question 15

Detritivores

Answer 15

feed on detritus particles, often chewing or grinding them into smaller pieces.
Detritivores commonly digest decomposers that live on, and in, detritus particles.