L30

Question 1

What is blood composed of?

Answer 1

55% plasma (proteins (including antiboies/immunoglobulin), other solutes and water)

45% formed elements (platelets - important for blood clotting, and white blood cells (leukocytes) )

Question 2

What is the source of stem cells, and what are stem cells?

Answer 2

Bone marrow
- Also source of blood cells
Stem cells have potential to become a a whole range of other cells such as blood cells

Question 3

What are derived from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow?

Answer 3

Erythroid - RBC
Myeloid - Granulocytes, monocytes, dendretic cells, platelets (innate immune molecules)
Lymphoid - B and T lymphocytes (adaptive immune cells)

Question 4

What are neutrophils?

Answer 4

Granulocytes in blood
75% of all leukocytes
- highly phagocytic
- Numbers in blood increase during infection

(granulocytes circulate in the blood and can move into tissue during inflammation)

Question 5

What are mast cells?

Answer 5

Granulocytes in tissue

• They line mucosal surfaces (not found in blood)
• Release granules that attract white blood cells to areas of damage

Question 6

Where are monocytes and macrophages present?

Answer 6

Monocytes - in blood

Monocytes move to tissue to becom macrophage

Question 7

What are the 3 functions of a macrophage?

Answer 7

• phagocytosis
• release of chemical messengers
• show infomration about pathogenic microbes to T cells (linking innate and adaptive immunity)