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Applied Insect Ecology > L3: Insect Pollination > Flashcards

L3: Insect Pollination Flashcards

1
Q

What is pollination?

A

Mechanism by which ovules are fertilised in plant sexual reproduction.

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2
Q

What are flowering plants called?

A

Angiosperms

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3
Q

What percentage of plant species are animal pollinated?

A

90%

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4
Q

How many of the world crop species require bee pollination?

A

87

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5
Q

What is the stamen made of?

A

Anther and Filament

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6
Q

What is the carpel made of?

A

Stigma, style, ovary

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7
Q

How are visitors rewarded?

A

Nectar and pollen

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8
Q

What do the petals do?

A

Act as an advertisement to pollinators

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9
Q

What does ‘monoecious’ mean?

A

male and female flowers are on the same plants

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10
Q

What does ‘dioecious’ mean?

A

male and female flowers are on different plants

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11
Q

What are the disadvantages of self fertilisation?

A

Inbreeding depression

No variation to allow adaptation to changed conditions

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12
Q

What are the advantages of self fertilisation?

A

Reliable, cheaper investment, fast - rapid exploitation of transient resources

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13
Q

What are the disadvantages of cross fertilisation?

A

Less reliable

Higher investment in flowers

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14
Q

What are the advantages of cross pollination?

A

Generates variation

Enables evolution of new functions - adaptation

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15
Q

What are the pollen vectors?

A

Wind, water, animals

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16
Q

What are the adaptations of a flower for animal pollination?

A

Advertisement, rewards, deception

17
Q

How can a flower advertise itself?

A

Shape, size, colour, smell

18
Q

What rewards can a flower give?

A

Nectar, pollen, lipids, scent, resin, heat (resting site)

19
Q

What is a pollination syndrome?

A

A set of flower characteristic that make the flower suitable for visits by particular groups of animals.

20
Q

What makes a good pollinator?

A 
Food choice
Sensory adaptations
Tongue lengths
Pollen-carrying capacity
Flight phenology & patterns
Consistency to plant species
Sociality

Applied Insect Ecology (7 decks)

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