L27 - preventing cancer Flashcards
4 RF that cotnribute the most to cancer
Tobacco
diet
obesity
alcohol
types of effects of diet and how do they affect
direct > component of food like sugar
indirect > incolving the balance of the diet
what is HEI
healthy eating index
- how well does the food align with healthy eating
- max score of 100 >v. good
what is MDS
mediterrraneun diet score
- measuring diet quality according to mediteernaneun diet
- high means good
what is DASH
dietary apporaches to stop hypertension
- diet designed to prevent hypertension
what type of meat can also contribute to diet increasing risk
red meat and processed meat
how many groups of IARC carninocgenic are there
5 with group 2 having 2a and 2b
what group does processedmeats belong to
Group 1 > CAUSES cancer
what group does red meat belong to
group 2a
what of veg should be eaten to reduce cancer
green, yellow and cruciferoous (broccoli) veg
what food fights againsts cancer
fibre containing non starch polysaccaharide
- fruits an d veg containing folate, Vit C and E
what is phytochemicals
- non nutritive componentent sin the diet that have anti carcinogenix and anti mutagenic features
how can phytochemical be used for preventing cancer
blocking agents > so the carcinogen wont chnage the normal cell tinto neoplastic cells
- suppressing agents > stopping the carncinogensesis
how does obesity contribute to cancer progression
increase myofibroblast content > increase cancer cell growth
inflammation > driving signalling in tumour
adipocytes express VEGF-A > increasing tumour angiongenesis
increases aromatase expression
how does physcial activity decrease obesity risk on cancer
hormones decrease
levels of inflammation decrease
- reduced adiposity
