L26

Question 1

where does the preMC project to mainly

Answer 1

M1 and some direct connections with the hand muscles

Question 2

what is the PreMC purpose

Answer 2

selection of appropriate motor plans (using sensory feedback)

Question 3

what do the cell bodies with in the preMC signal

Answer 3

preparation for movement (motor set neurons)
and incorrect actions

Question 4

what do the cell bodies within the preMC integrate

Answer 4

sensory aspects for motor acts regardless of how it was detected

Question 5

when do premotor neurons fire

Answer 5

once the movement instructions are given (preparatory)

Question 6

what does it mean by the preMC priming

Answer 6

lowers the threshold for the appropriate M1 neurons to fire

Question 7

what occurs when there is damage to the premotor cortex

Answer 7

difficulty performing movements in response to verbal or visual commands. However, the individual can still respond to these commands in different settings

Question 8

purpose of the supplementary motor area (SMA)

Answer 8

programming and initiation of complex movements using prior or remembered sequences of movements

Question 9

the cell bodies within the SMA respond to…

Answer 9

sequence of movements
mental rehearsal of sequence movements

Question 10

what are the cell bodies of the SMA involved in creating

Answer 10

an appropriate dynamic or complex motor output

Question 11

monitoring the activity of the different motor areas using PET scan what would be seen when a task is simple

Answer 11

M1 and S1 firing

Question 12

monitoring the activity of the different motor areas using PET scan what would be seen when a task is complex

Answer 12

M1, S1 and SMA

Question 13

monitoring the activity of the different motor areas using PET scan what would be seen when a task is though of

Answer 13

SMA only

Question 14

where does the association cortex receive input from

Answer 14

multiple sensory sources then projects to the premotor cortex and SMA

Question 15

why is the association cortex necessary

Answer 15

ensures adaptive movements

Question 16

what are the two major areas the association cortex consists of

Answer 16

posterior parietal cortex for integrating sensory
prefrontal cortex for working memory especially memory of consequences to actions

Question 17

what occurs when there is damage to the association cortex

Answer 17

deficits in the perception and memory of spatial relationships

Question 18

what is Apraxia

Answer 18

occurs when there is damage to the association cortex.
- is the disorder of voluntary movement not by paralysis or comprehension
- difficulty performing a movement out of context but can perform it naturally

Question 19

what is contralateral neglect

Answer 19

happens when there is damage to the association cortex.
- inability to respond to stimuli on one side of the body contralateral to the lesion
- unaware of issue

Question 20

draw a simple breakdown of voluntary movement of cortexes/areas of the brain and what they are doing

Answer 20

association - sma - preMC - M1 - spinal cord

experience - strategy - priming (sensory) - execution - movement via MU recruitment

Question 21

what does it mean for somatotopic organization in motor cortex to be plastic

Answer 21

can alter the somatotopy with motor learning after injury to now allow neighboring areas to become larger if one area is not being used