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Urogenital Block > L20-Drugs used in sexually transmitted diseases [2013.09.12] > Flashcards

L20-Drugs used in sexually transmitted diseases [2013.09.12] Flashcards

1
Q

What are the possible treatments for Chlamydial infections?

A

Azithromycin (single dose) or
Doxycylcin (twice daily for seven days)
Ofloxacin -> alternative

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2
Q

What is the treatment for Gonococcal infections?

A

Single IM injection of ceftriaxone + single oral dose of azithromycin

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3
Q

What are the infectious agents of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, anaerobic bacteria in sexually active female.

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4
Q

What is the treatment for Impatient patient for PID?

A

Cefoxitin or cefotetan + oral doxycycline

Clindamycin + aminoglycoside

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5
Q

What is the treatment for Outpatient patient with PID?

A

Cefftriaxone + oral doxycycline +/- metronidazole

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6
Q

What is the treatment for bacterial vaginosis (BV)?

A

Stardard treatemtn with oral metronidazole

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7
Q

What is the treatment for Trichomoniasis (TV, also a vaginal Infections)?

A

A single dose of metronidazole or tinidazole

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8
Q

What is the treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC)?

A

Azole antifungal agents (cell membrane attacking)

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9
Q

What is the treatment for syphilis?

A

Parental penincillin G for all stages of syphilis

a single intramuscular injection of benzathine (stabilise penincillin)

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10
Q

What is the infectious agent of Genital warts

A

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

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11
Q

What is the treatment for Genital warts?

A

Podofilox solution can be applied to visible lesion

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12
Q

What is the treatment for recurrence Genital warts?

A

Intralesional alpha interferon

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13
Q

What are the common features of genital herpes?

A

Painful blisters or open sores in the genital area

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14
Q

What are the infectious agent of genital herpes?

A

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

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15
Q

What are the treatments for Genital herpes?

A

Suppressive antiviral therapy

Acyclovir, famciclovir and valacyclovir

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16
Q

What is the mechanism of action of acyclovir?

A

Selectively activated in infected cell
Inhibits DNA synthesis by competitive inhibition
More useful in prophylaxis cases

17
Q

What is the advantage of the derivatives of acyclovir (i.e.: famciclovir and valacyclovir)?

A

Higher bioavailability (15%->55%)

18
Q

What are the treatments for retrovirus?

A

Entry inhibitors
NRTIs & NNRTIs
Integrase inhibitors
Protease inhibitors

19
Q

List an example of NRTI (nucleoside reverse trasncriptase inhibitor)

A

Zidorudine

20
Q

What is the mechanism of NRTIs?

A

Competitively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase and also act as a viral DNA chain terminator

21
Q

What is the half life of NRTIs?

A

1 hour

22
Q

What are the adverse effects of NRTIs?

A

Anaemia and neutropenia

23
Q

Give and example of NtRTIs

A

Tenofovir

24
Q

Give an example of NTIs and its adverse effect.

A

Emtricitabine
Lactic acidosis, hepatic steatosis,
lipodystrophy, redistribution of cutaneous fat

25
Q

Give two examples of Non-nucleoside Reverse transcriptase Inhibitor

A

Nevirapine and efavirenz

26
Q

What is the mechanism of action of nevirapine?

A

Direct inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase

27
Q

What is the side effect of nevirapine?

A

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

28
Q

What is the side effect of efavirenz?

A

Neuropsychiatric

29
Q

Give two example of protease inhibitors?

A

Saquinavir and ritonavirs

30
Q

What are the advrse effect of ritonavir?

A

Hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance and diabetes, lipodystrophy, elevated liver function test, increasing in bleeding risk and drug - drug interaction

31
Q

List two examples of Entry inhibitors?

A

Enfuvirtide and Maraviroc

32
Q

What are the indicators for initiating anti-retrovirus therapy?

A 
History of AIDS 
CD4 count < 500 cells/ microlitre 
Pregnant women 
HIV-associated nephropathy 
Hepatitis B coinfection
33
Q

Associated adverse effects of anti-rectrovirus therapy

A 
Lactic acidosis 
Hepatotoxicity
Insulin resistance and diabetes 
Lipodystrophy
Hyperlipidemia 
Increased bleeding in hemophiliacs 
Drug-drug interactions 
Rash
34
Q

What are the Dual NRTI component?

A

tenofovir

emtricitabine

35
Q

What are the key third component?

A

efavirenz
ritonavir-boosted atazanavir
ritonavir-boosted darunavir
raltegravir

Urogenital Block (3 decks)

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