L2:Vaccines and Anti-tumor immunity

Question 1

What is primary Immune response?

Answer 1

first exposed to an antigen, the body usually takes several days to respond and build up a large supply of antibodies. The number of antibodies will peak and then begin to decline.

Question 2

What is secondary immune response?

Answer 2

The production of Memory B or T Cells allows the cell to recognize the antigen much quicker if it is introduced again so the body will often be able to destroy the invading antigen before its numbers become great enough to initiate symptoms.
Memory B cells rapidly divide and develop into plasma cells and the antibody levels in the body rise quickly and reach greater numbers. Active immunity lasts as long as clones of memory B and memory T cells are present

Question 3

Why do cancer happen?

Answer 3

hereditary
exposure to viruses (HIV, hepatitis A,B,C)
exposure to toxic agents, radiation
diet too rich in fat
bad habits (alcohol, smoking)

Question 4

3 kinds of treatment

Answer 4

surgery
radiotherapy
chemotherapy (medicinal substances)

Question 5

What are tumor neoantigens?

Answer 5

tumor’s hidden fingerprint