L2 - Molecular Genetics - RNA & Transcription Flashcards
1
Q
Where does transcription of DNA to RNA occur?
A
nucleus
2
Q
Where does translation of RNA to protein occur?
A
cytoplasm
3
Q
What is the transcriptome?
A
- Set of all RNA molecules
- Varies depending on the cell or cell type (in contrast to the genome)
- Will include all mRNAs
- Sequences can be determined by RNAseq
4
Q
2 ways RNA structure differs from DNA
A
- Uracil instead of thymine
- ribose 2’ sugar
5
Q
Why does ribose in RNA have a 2’ OH group?
A
RNA is chemically more reactive and less stable than DNA
6
Q
Why does DNA have thymine not uracil?
A
- CYTOSINE DEAMINATION (lose amine group to become uracil)
- if uracil were used DNA, cytosine deamination would be difficult to detect and repair
7
Q
What is RNA used for?
A
- short term information transfer (mRNA)
- transient
- catalytic functions
8
Q
RNA synthesises in which direction?
A
5’ to 3’
