L2, Functional Neuroanatomy Flashcards
What are the three types of nervous systems?
CNS (Central nervous system), PNS (Peripheral nervous system), ANS (Autonomic nervous system)
What is a nervous system?
The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of nerves. This system sends messages back and forth between the brain and the body.
What are the main 4 parts of the brain?
Cerebrum (consisting of cerebral hemispheres), cerebellum, the brainstem (consisting of the midbrain, pons and medula) and the cerebral cortex
What is the difference between white- and grey matter?
White matter contains the axon and nerve fibres (gets its white colour from a myelin sheath, whereas grey matter consists of the cellbody (nucleus and dendrites)
What is a neuron?
A nerve cell
How is information in the neuron processed/transported?
When information is integrated in the cell body, nerveimpulses are transmitted along the axon towards the axon terminal which starts the release of neurotransmitters that influence other neurons exxcitatory or inhibitory.
What is a glial cell
A support cell providing structural/metabolical support
What are the four lobes of the brain and what do they do?
- Parietal lobe (somatic sensation, visuospatial resolution)
- Occipital lobe (primary visual cortex)
- Temporal lobe (Primary auditory cortex, speech functions)
- Frontal lobe (contains prefrontal cortex - important for cognition etc)
What are the five brain areas within the cerebral hemispheres and what do they do?
- Ventricular system (important during brain development)
- Thalamus (relay station to the cerebral cortex)
- Hypothalamus (homeostasis)
- Basal Ganglia (voluntary movement, memory)
- Amygdala (fear/anxiety)
What is the ANS divided into?
Sympathetic- (fight-or-flight) or parasympathetic (opposite)
