**L2 - Failure to Function Adequately

Question 1

What is the FAILURE TO FUNCTION ADEQUATELY definition of ABNORMALITY?

Answer 1

Under this definition, ABNORMAL BEHAVIOUR is that which CAUSES AN INABILITY to COPE WITH EVERYDAY LIFE.

A persons BEHAVIOUR may DISRUPT THEIR ABILITY TO WORK or CONDUCT SATISFYING INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

Question 2

FAILURE TO FUNCTION ADEQUATELY EXAMPLE

Answer 2

For example, a person with DEPRESSION MIGHT NOT BE ABLE to HOLD DOWN A JOB and an AGORAPHOBIC (FEAR OF OPEN SPACES) might be AFRAID TO LEAVE THE HOUSE

Question 3

what did ROSENHAN and SELIGMAN suggest?

Answer 3

ROSENHAN and SELIGMAN suggest PERSONAL DYSFUNCTION has SEVEN FEATURES. The MORE FEATURES AN INDIVIDUAL HAS, the MORE ABNORMAL THEY ARE CONSIDERED TO BE

Question 4

what are the 7 features suggested by ROSENHAN and SELIGMAN? (OPIUMUV)

Answer 4

1) (O) Observer Discomfort
2) (P) Personal Distress
3) (I) Irrationality
4) (U) Unconventionality
5) (M) Maladaptive Behaviour
6) (U) Unpredictability
7) (V) Violation of Moral Standards

Question 5

what is the ‘O’ in OPIUMUV?

Answer 5

OBSERVER DISTRESS - this is when BEHAVIOUR is displayed which CAUSES DISCOMFORT IN OTHERS

Question 6

what is the ‘P’ in OPIUMUV?

Answer 6

PERSONAL DISTRESS is when someone feels SAD, ANXIOUS, WORRIED or SCARED

Question 7

what is the ‘I’ in OPIUMUV?

Answer 7

IRRATIONALITY is when the BEHAVIOURS that are DISPLAYED CANNOT BE EXPLAINED in a LOGICAL WAY

Question 8

what is the ‘U’ in OPIUMUV? (First U)

Answer 8

UNCONVENTIONALITY is displaying BEHAVIOUR which DOES NOT CONFORM TO WHAT IS GENERALLY DONE in a CERTAIN SITUATION

Question 9

what is the ‘M’ in OPIUMUV?

Answer 9

MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOUR is behaviour that is STOPPING INDIVIDUALS FROM ATTAINING LIFE GOALS, both SOCIALLY AND OCCUPATIONALLY

Question 10

what is the ‘U’ in OPIUMUV? (Second U)

Answer 10

UNPREDICTABILITY is displaying UNEXPECTED BEHAVIOURS characterised by the LOSS OF CONTROL

Question 11

what is the ‘V’ in OPIUMUV?

Answer 11

VIOLATION OF MORAL STANDARDS is displaying behaviour which VIOLATES SOCIETY’S ETHICAL STANDARDS

Question 12

+ patients perspective (EVALUATION OF FAILURE TO FUNCTION ADEQUATELY)

Answer 12

+ this definition of abnormality RECOGNISES THE PATIENT’S PERSPECTIVE (e.g PERSONAL DISTRESS)

Question 13

• HAROLD SHIPMAN (EVALUATION OF FAILURE TO FUNCTION ADEQUATELY)

Answer 13

• ABNORMALITY is NOT ALWAYS ACCOMPANIED by a FAILURE TO FUNCTION. PSYCHOPATHS can COMMIT MURDERS while STILL APPEARING NORMAL.

HAROLD SHIPMAN, the ENGLISH DOCTOR who MURDERED 215 PATIENTS OVER 23 YEARS, maintained the OUTWARD APPEARANCE of a RESPECTABLE MEMBER OF HIS PROFESSION, and had a family, the ENTIRE TIME HE WAS COMMITTING THE MURDERS

None of his family, friends or colleagues were aware that he was a serial killer

Question 14

• PERSONAL DISTRESS (EVALUATION OF FAILURE TO FUNCTION ADEQUATELY)

Answer 14

• there are times in a persons life when it is NORMAL abs PSYCHOLOGICALLY HEALTHY to SUFFER FROM PERSONAL DISTRESS, like when a LOVED ONE DIES.

It would be ABNORMAL NOT TO FEEL DISTRESS UNDER THESE CIRCUMSTANCES

Question 15

• STEPHEN GOUGH (EVALUATION OF FAILURE TO FUNCTION ADEQUATELY)

Answer 15

• behaviour MAY CAUSE DISTRESS TO OTHER PEOPLE and be regarded as DYSFUNCTIONAL when the person themselves FEELS NO PERSONAL DISTRESS.

STEPHEN GOUGH has been IMPRISONED for BREACHING THE PEACE because he insists on HIKING WHILE NAKED, this makes OTHER PEOPLE EXPERIENCE OBSERVER DISCOMFORT, but he himself feels NO DISTRESS