L2 - Ethics of Research

Question 1

If it is not right, do not do it; if it is not true, do not say it.

Answer 1

Marcus Aurelius

Question 2

ETHICS

Answer 2

• From the Greek word ethos which means “character”
• Refer to the standards on what is morally right or wrong in conducting research
• Involve human issues of values.

Question 3

ETHICS GOALS

Answer 3

• Ensure that people participate voluntarily in the study,
• Keep people’s comments and behavior confidential,
• Protect people from harm
• Ensure mutual trust between researcher and people studied

Question 4

ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

Question 4

ETHICAL PRINCIPLES: Voluntary participation and harmlessness covers:

Answer 4

1. Subjects and respondents must be aware that their participation in the study is voluntary.
2. They are free to withdraw their participation from the study at anytime without any unfavorable repercussions.
3. They are not harmed as a result of their participation or non participation in the research project.

Question 5

ETHICAL PRINCIPLES: ANONYMITY & CONFIDENTIALITY

Answer 5

Seek to protect subjects’ identity and consequently, their interests and future well-being.

Question 6

ETHICAL PRINCIPLES: INFORMED CONSENT

Answer 6

means the research subject have the right to know that they are being researched, the right to be informed about the nature of research and the right to withdraw at any time

Question 7

ETHICAL PRINCIPLES: Informed consent addresses four areas of concern that relate to the subject’s participation or involvement in the research:

Answer 7

1. Giving information about the research which is relevant to the subject’s decision to participate or not.
2. Making sure that subjects understand that information by providing info sheets written in the subjects’ language.
3. Ensuring that participation is voluntary by requiring written consent.
4. Where subjects are not capable to agree, obtaining consent by proxy.

Question 8

Prospective participants might ask abt the research study:

Answer 8

1. Why do you think I am suitable to take part in this research?
2. How did you get my name or find out that I was suitable for this study?
3. Why is this study important?
4. How will this study be done?
5. What does this study involve?

Question 9

Prospective participants might ask abt the research study:

Answer 9

6. Will this study benefit me?
7. Are there any risks or hazards involved?
8. Will people be able to find out my details because of this study?
9. What if I change my mind or don’t want to be involved?
10. Can I get a summary of the findings of your research?

Question 10

ETHICAL PRINCIPLES

Answer 10

Report accurately and completely how data is analyzed and reported in their study including unexpected or negative findings.

Question 11

UNETHICAL

Answer 11

Present findings as the product of deliberate design.

Question 12

UNETHICAL

Answer 12

to “carve” data into different segments to prove or disprove hypotheses or to generate multiple papers claiming different data.

Question 13

UNETHICAL

Answer 13

misrepresenting questionable claims as valid based on partial, incomplete or improper data analysis is also dishonest