L.2 Cellular organelles

Question 1

A cell consists of a cell membrane (CM) inside which a …………. and ……………surrounding the nucleus is present.

Answer 1

nucleus &
cytoplasm

Question 2

……………. are small organs of cell embedded in the cytoplasm

Answer 2

Organelles

Question 3

they have ……….. and highly specialized functions.

Answer 3

individual

Question 4

• Organelles are ……….. in their own membrane within the cytoplasm.

Answer 4

enclosed

Question 5

A jelly like material formed by 80% of water .

Answer 5

Cytoplasm

Question 6

Contains a clear liquid called cytosol .

Answer 6

Cytoplasm

Question 7

Contains many organelles with different structure & function.

Answer 7

Cytoplasm

Question 8

Contains many organelles with different structure & function.

Answer 8

Cytoplasm

Question 9

It is made up of two zones:

Answer 9

a. Ectoplasm: Peripheral part of cytoplasm, just beneath the cell membrane b. Endoplasm: Inner part of cytoplasm, interposed.

Question 10

The organelles in the cytoplasm are:

Answer 10

 Nucleus
 Mitochondria
 Ribosomes
 Endoplasmic reticulum  Golgi apparatus
 Lysosomes
 Peroxisome

Question 11

❖ Every cell has a nucleus (except …….. ………..).

Answer 11

matured erythrocyte

Question 12

❖………… is the largest organelle inside a nuclear envelope

Answer 12

Nucleus

Question 13

…………… is present within the nucleus

Answer 13

Nucleolus

Question 14

A. Function of Nucleolus :
- It is involved in the ………………………………………….

Answer 14

synthesis & maturation of components of the ribosomes

Question 15

………….. are important in synthesis of the cytoplasmic proteins.

Answer 15

Ribosomes

Question 16

B. Function of the nucleus:

Answer 16

It contains body’s genetic material (gene) & direct all activities of cells as follow:

Question 17

▪The nucleus contains large quantities of ….., which are the …….

Answer 17

DNA, genes

Question 18

Genes determine the ………….. …………………, including structural prot
& intracellular enzymes that control cytoplasmic &nuclear activities.

Answer 18

characteristics of cell proteins, cytoplasmic, nuclear activities

Question 19

The genes also ……… ……………….. ……. of the cell itself.

Answer 19

control and promote reproduction

Question 20

Structure………………. are membranous ,sausage-shaped structures.

Answer 20

Mitochondria

Question 21

Function:It is the power house of the cell, where cell energy is produced.

Answer 21

Mitochondria

Question 22

❖Mechanism of energy production:

Answer 22

Mitochondria is filled with enzymes ,necessary for oxidation of
nutrients to extract energy in form of adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP).

Question 23

Most active cell types have the greater number of mitochondria as liver & muscle.

Answer 23

Mitochondria

Question 24

Structure: They are tiny granules composed of RNA and protein.

Answer 24

Ribosomes

Question 25

Site: Present on the outer surface of the nucleus and the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 25

Ribosomes

Question 26

Function:
It is responsible for synthesis of intracellular proteins ,which are used within the cell such as enzymes required for metabolism.

Answer 26

Ribosomes