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Reviewer > L2 > Flashcards

L2 Flashcards

1
Q

Accuracy implies

A

Precision

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2
Q

If a measurement is accurate it must be also

A

Precise

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3
Q

is a quantitative or numerical indication of closeness with which a repeated set of measurements of the same variable agrees with the average of the set of measurement.

A

Precision of measurement

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4
Q

Characteristics that show the performance of an instrument are

A

Accuracy, sensitivity, precision, resolution etc.

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5
Q

It allows users to select the most suitable instrument for specific measuring jobs.

A

Characteristic of instrument

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6
Q

value of the measured variable change very fast.

A

Dynamic characteristic

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7
Q

are required to be considered for the instrument which
measure unvarying process condition.

A

Static characteristic

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8
Q

defined for the instruments which measure quantities which do not vary with time.

A

Static characteristic

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9
Q

value of the measured variable change slowly.

A

Static characteristic

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10
Q

degree of closeness with which an instrument reading approaches the true value
of the quantity being measured.

A

Accuracy

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11
Q

indicates the nearness to the actual/true value of the quantity.

A

Accuracy

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12
Q

ratio of changed in output of an instrument to the change in input

A

Sensitivity

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13
Q

ratio of magnitude of the measured quantity to the magnitude of response

A

Sensitivity / inverse sensitivity / deflection factor

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14
Q

degree of closeness by which a given value can be repeatedly measured

A

Reproducibility

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15
Q

is specified for a period of time

A

Reproducibility

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16
Q

signifies that the given reading that are taken for an input, do not vary with time.

A

Perfect reproducibility

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17
Q

the gradual shift in the indication over a period of time wherein the input variable does
not change.

A

Drift

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18
Q

caused of environment factor like stray electric field, stray magnetic field, thermal e.m.fs, changes in temperature, mechanical vibrations, etc.

A

Drift

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19
Q

3 categories of drift

A

Zero drift
Span drift / sensitivity drift
Zonal drift

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20
Q

the deviation from the true value of the measured variable.

A

Static error

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21
Q

involves comparison of an unknown quantity with an accepted standard quantity.

A

Static error

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22
Q

degree to which an instrument approaches to its expected value is expressed terms of error of measurement.

A

Static error

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23
Q

the largest changes of input quantity for which there is no output.

A

Dead zone

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24
Q

the input that is applied to an instrument may not be sufficient to overcome friction.
It will only respond when it overcomes the friction force.

A

Dead zone

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25
Q

measure of the reproducibility of the measurement that is given a fixed value of
variable.

A

Precision

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26
Q

measure of the degree to which successive measurements differ from each other.

A

Precision

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27
Q

the instrument has zero adjustment error, so when we take a readings, the instrument is

A

Highly precise

28
Q

as the instrument has a zero adjustment error the readings obtained are precise, but they are

A

Not accurate

29
Q

the smallest measurable input, below which no output change can be identified.

A

Threshold

30
Q

while specifying ***, manufactures give the first detectable output change.

A

Threshold

31
Q

defined as the ability of an intrument to reproduce its input linearly

A

Linearity

32
Q

simply a measure of the maximum deviation of the calibration points from the ideal straight line.

A

Linearity

33
Q

defined as ______=maximum deviation of o/p from idealized straight line / actual readings.

A

Linearity

34
Q

most instruments are specified to function over a particular range and the instruments can be said to be linear when incremental changes in the input and output are constant over the specified range.

A

Linearity

35
Q

the ability of an instrument to retain its performance throughout its specified
storage life and operating life is called as ***.

A

Stability

36
Q

the minimum and maximum values of a quantity for which an instrument is
designed to measure is called its ** or **.

A

Range or span

37
Q

sometimes the accuracy is specified interms of ** or ** of an instrument

A

Range or span

38
Q

the constant error which exist over the full range of measurement of an instrument.

A

Bais

39
Q

can be completely eliminated by calibration.

A

Bais

40
Q

the zero error is an example of ** which can be removed by calibration.

A

Bais

41
Q

the maximum allowable error that is specified in terms of certain value while
measurement.

A

Tolerance

42
Q

specifies the maximum allowable deviation of a manufactured device from a mentioned value.

A

Tolerance

43
Q

is a phenomena which depicts different output effects while loading and
unloading.

A

Hysteresis

44
Q

takes place due to the fact that all the energy put into the stressed parts when loading is not recovable while unloading.

A

Hysteresis

45
Q

when the input of an instrument is varied from zero to its full scale value and then if the input is decreased from its full scale value to zero, the output varies.

A

Hysteresis

46
Q

the output at the particular input while decreasing and increasing varies because of

A

Internal friction / hysteric damping

47
Q

the output at the particular input while decreasing and increasing varies because of

A

Internal friction / hysteric damping

48
Q

instrumens rarely respond to instantaneous changes in the
measured variables, their response is slow or sluggish due to mass, thermal capacitance, electrical capacitance, inductance, etc. sometimes, even the instruments has to wait for some time till the response occurs

A

Dynamic characteristic

49
Q

these types of instruments are normally used for the measurement of quantities that flactuate with time

A

Dynamic characteristic

50
Q

the behaviour of such system, where as the input varies from instant to instant, the output also varies from instant to instant is called as _____ _____ of the system.

A

Dynamic response

51
Q

defined as that part of the response which goes zero as the time
becomes large.

A

Transient response

52
Q

is the response that has definite periodic cycle.

A

Steady state periodic/ response

53
Q

the input that is subjected to a finite and instantaneous change

A

Step input

54
Q

the input linearly changes with respect to time.

A

Ramp input

55
Q

input varies to the square of time. This represent constant acceleration.

A

Parabolic input

56
Q

input changes in accordance with a _______ function of constant
amplitude.

A

Sinusoidal input

57
Q

defined as the rapidity with which an instrument, responds to the
changes in the measured quantity.

A

Speed of response

58
Q

shows how fast and active the system is.

A

Speed of response

59
Q

defined as the degree to which a measurement system is capable of faithfully
reproducing the changes in input, without any dynamic error.

A

Fidelity

60
Q

every system requires its own time to respond to the changes in input.

A

Lag

61
Q

defined as the retardation or delay, in the response of a system to the changes in input

A

Lag

62
Q

as soon as there is a changes in the measured quantity, the
measurement system begins to respond.

A

Retardation lag

63
Q

the response of the measurement system starts after a dead time, once
the input is applied, They caused dynamic error.

A

Time delay

64
Q

the difference between the true value of the quantity that is to be
measured, changing with time and the measured value, if no static error is assumed.

A

Dynamic error

65
Q

the difference between the true value of the quantity that is to be
measured, changing with time and the measured value, if no static error is assumed.

A

Dynamic error

Reviewer (6 decks)

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