L17: Lower Limb Trauma Flashcards
What are the anatomical consequences of pelvic fractures
Pubic rami fractures
Sacro-iliac dislocation
Urethral injury
What are the physiological consequences of pelvic fractures
Haemorrhage and shock
Multiple organ failure
Coagulopathy
How many pelvic rings are there
3
What happens when there is a fracture in the pelvic ring
You get other fractures occurring in the pelvic ring e.g polo mints
What are the strongest ligaments of the pelvis
Anterior sacroiliac ligament
Interosseous sacroiliac ligament
Posterior sacroiliac ligament
How can anterior-posterior compression occur in a trauma
When the persons pelvis slides and hits an object and pubic symphysis is damaged and pelvis opens
What can antero-posterior compression lead to
Haemorrhage
What is the treatment for antero-posteriori compression
Angiogram and embolisation coil to cut of the blood
For a hip fracture to occur do you need a high or low energy
Low energy
What are the 3 types of hip fractures on a femur bone that can occur
Intracapsular fracture
Trochanteric fracture
Subtrochanteric fracture
What does a patient present with if they have a hip fracture
Shortening and external rotation of the lower limb
What is a consequence of a intracapsular fracture
Damage to the circumflex femoral artery
What are the ligaments of the knee
Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments
Medial collateral ligament
Lateral collateral ligament
Which artery can become damage in a knee dislocation
Popliteal artery
What is compartment syndrome
Pressure inside the muscle exceed capillary perfusion
