L14 - Electrophilic Carbonyls 1 Flashcards
1
Q
What are the steps of reactions of carbonyls with H2O?
A
- LP on O attacks C in C=O
- e- moves to O (O-)
- proton transfer
= hydrate (minor)
2
Q
How to determine which one is the major or minor product:
A
The closer the actual angle is to the wanted angle
3
Q
What are the steps in reactions of carbonyls with R-OH?
A
- LP on O attack C in C=O (Cat HA)
- loss of H+
- addition of H+
- R-OH reacts again
= product with 2ROs (4 species)
4
Q
What is the na,e of the product if R1 is an alkyl?
A
Hemiketal
5
Q
What is the name of the product if R1 is an H?
A
Hemiacetal
6
Q
What happens when there is an OH in the same chain as the carbonyl?
A
Forms a ring cyclic hemi acetal
- LP on OH attacks C on C=O
- e- moves to O, breaks db
7
Q
What are the steps in reactions of carbonyls with amines?
A
- LP on N attack C on C=O
- e- move to O (O-)
- proton transfer
= hemi aminal - addition of H+ (Cat HA)
- LP ON N forms db
- e- moves to H2O (kicked out)
- loss of H+
= imine
8
Q
What is the name of a positive imine?
A
Iminium (keto)
9
Q
What is the name of an imine with another db?
A
Enamine (enol)
