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Central Nervous System Block > L12 - Viral diagnosis and antiviral therapy > Flashcards

L12 - Viral diagnosis and antiviral therapy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the drug that stop the attachment of virus? What is it treated for?

A

Maraviroc

HIV

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2
Q

What is the drug that stop the penetration of virus? What is it treated for?

A

Enfuvirtide

HIV

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3
Q

What is the drug that stop the uncoating of virus? What is it treated for?

A

Amantadine

Influenza A

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4
Q

What is the drug that stop the protein synthesis of protein? What is it treated for?

A

Ribavirin (HCV, RSV)

Interferon (HCV, HBV)

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5
Q

What is the drug that stop nucleic acid replication?

A

Acyclovir

Foscarnet

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6
Q

What is the drug that stop virus assembly and release?

A

HIV protease inhibitors
HCV protease inhibitors: Boceprevir, Telaprevir
Neuraminidase inhibitors (influenza): oseltamivir, zanamivir, lananimivir

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7
Q

Why does acyclovir only target infected cell?

A

Phosphorylation of acyclovir only occurs at infected cells

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8
Q

How is acyclovir administered under urgent condition?

A 
Intravenous acyclovir (mg/kg)
8 hourly
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9
Q

What is the clinical use of acyclovir?

A

Immunocompromised patient with herpes simplex or varicella-zoster infection
Herpes encephalitis
Primary genital herpes

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10
Q

What are the drugs used to replace acyclovir due to resistance?

A

Cidofovir

Foscarnet

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11
Q

What is the drawback of using acyclovir

A

Low oral availability

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12
Q

What is valaciclovir?

A

Pro-drug of acyclovir

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13
Q

What is the clinical use of ganciclovir?

A

Treatment and prophylaxis of CMV disease in the immunocompromised

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14
Q

If the patient has HSV and he is on ganciclovir, do you still have to prescribe acyclovir?

A

No, ganciclovir has effect against HSV, adding acyclovir will only increase renal/ CNS side effects

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15
Q

What is the action of Zidovudine?

A

Effective at suppressing virus replication. But has side effects on suppressing rapidly multiplying cells

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16
Q

What is HAART? (Highly active anti-retroviral therapy)

A

Use of multiple drugs blocking different sites of viral replication cycle to minimise development of drug resistance

17
Q

What are the drugs against influenza?

A

Amantadine
Rimantadine
Zanamivir
Oseltamivir

18
Q

When is ribavirin prescribed?

A

Respiratory syncytical virus

19
Q

How is ribavirin prescribed?

A

Use by aerosal

20
Q

What is the clinical usage of interferon alpha?

A 
Hepatitis B (together with lamivudine)
Hepatitis C (together with ribavirin and new protease inhibitors- Boceprevir, Telaprevir)
21
Q

How is viral infection diagnosed? How long do they take?

A 
Electron microscopy (hours)
Grow (days/ weeks)
Antigenic test (hours)
PCR (hours/ days)
viral inclusion bodies (days)

Central Nervous System Block (2 decks)

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