Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

cell & molecular biology > L12: glysolysis > Flashcards

L12: glysolysis Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the 2 metabolic pathways

A

anabolic
catabolic (hydrolysis & oxidation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is an anabolic pathway?

A

use energy to synthesize complex molecules
endergonic
molecular order: increase
entropy: decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the 2 types of catabolic pathway

A

aerobic (with oxygen)
anaerobic (without oxygen)
exergonic
molecular order: decrease
entropy: increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how do cells store chemical energy?

A

atp
gtp
acetyl coa
creatine phosphate
reduced coenzymes to increase reduction potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is hydrolysis

A

a bond that is broken by an addition of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why is atp the most convenient energy currency for the cell?

A

7.3 kcal/mol
most reactions require energy level around ATP-wasting less than using other higher molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is oxidation

A

exergonic

dehydrogenation: H+ is removed
ex. ethanol -> acetaldehyde

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is reduction

A

endergonic

hydrogenation: H+ is added
ex. acetaldehyde -> ethanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

NAD

A

nicotinamide (b vitamin niacin) adenine dinucleotide

reduced form: NADH (acceptor of electrons)
oxidized form: NAD+ (donor of electrons)
-coenzymes in oxidoreductase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Phosphorolytic cleavage

A

similar to hydrolysis, but uses inorganic phosphate to break the bond rather than h20

-Pi breaks the down between glucose units
ex. glucose-1-phosphate -> glucose-6-phosphate (metabolized in the glycolytic pathway)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

OIL RIG

A

oxidation is losing, reduction is gaining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

glycolytic pathway review

A

location: cytosol

phase 1: preparation and cleavage
phase 2: oxidation and atp generation
phase 3: pyruvate formation and atp generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

phase 1: preparation and cleavage

A

glucose (6 OOOOOO)—-> 2 molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ( 3 OOO & 3 OOO)

2atp–> 2 adp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

phase 2: oxidation and atp generation

A

2 molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (3 OOO & 3 OOO) —-> 2 molecules of 2 molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate (3 OOO & 3 OOO)

2 adp & pi –> 2 atp
2 NAD+ –> 2 NADH (oxidized)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

phase 3: pyruvate formation and ATP generation

A

2 molecules of 3 phosphoglycerate (3 OOO & 3OOO) —-> 2 molecules of pyvurate ( OOO & OOO)

2 adp & pi–> 2 atp (synthesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

net gain of glycolysis

A

glucose—> pyvurate

     used 2 atp produced 4 atp ---------------------------- net:            2 atp
               2 NADH
17
Q

What happens after glycolysis when theres no oxygen?

A

anaerobic respiration

pyruvate is reduced into
1)lactate
2)ethanol & co2

NADH—oxidized—> NAD+

18
Q

what happens after glycolysis when there’s oxygen?

A

aerobic respiration

2 pyruvate—> 2 acetyl CoA (OO) (oxidized & decarboxylated)

NAD+ —-reduced—-> NADH
Coenzyme—-> CO2

19
Q

Krebs Cycle

A

Location: mitonchondria matrix

  1. oxaloacetate (OOOO) + CoA (OO) —–> citrate (OOOOOO)
  2. Citrate (OOOOOO)—-> Succinate (OOOO)
    2 NAD+ —- reduced—–> 2 NADH
    2 CO leaves the cycle under oxidative decarboxylation
    ADP+Pi—- synthesize—> ATP
  3. Succinate—–> Oxalocetate
    NAD+— oxidized—->NADH
    FAD——oxidized—–>FADH2
20
Q

net gain of Krebs cycle

A

3 NADH
1 FADH2
1 ATP
goes thru the cycle twice because there are 2 pyruvates
=6 NADH
=2 FADH
=2 ATP

21
Q

electron transport chain

A

location: inner membrane

a. complex I:
-receives 2 e- from NADH + passes them to CoQ via FMN/ Fe-S protein
-4 H+ are pumped out of the matrix (into
intermembrane space)

b. complex III:
-cyt c receives e- from CoQH2
-CoQH2 carries H2 across the membrane
-2 H+ are pumped out of the matrix (into
intermembrane space)

c. complex IV:
-receives e- from cyt c, passes it to oxygen
-oxygen —reduced—-> water
- 2 H+ are pumped out of the matrix (into
intermembrane space)

d. ATP synthase
-uses energy from the proton gradient to synthesize ATP

22
Q

What work? intact mitochondrion

A

ETC: yes
ATP synthesis: yes

23
Q

What work? submitochondrial particles

A

ETC: yes
ATP synthesis: yes
ATPase activity: no

24
Q

What work? dissociated particles

A

ETC: yes
ATP synthesis: no (uncouple-cannot make atp)
ATPase activity: Yes

25
Q

what work? soluble fraction w F1 spheres

A

ETC: No
ATP synthesis: No (not powered by anything)
ATPase activity: Yes

26
Q

what work? reconstituted particles

A

ETC:yes
ATP synthesis: Yes
ATPase activity: No

27
Q

what work? membranous fraction

A

ETC: yes
ATP synthesis: no
ATPase activity: no

28
Q

how much ATP is made for how much H+

A

every 10 H+ translocated makes 3 ATP

cell & molecular biology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions