[L12]_Future of Renewable Energy, Integration, & LCA Flashcards
ENGY-775
What is grid integration?
A) Installing renewable energy systems directly in rural areas
B) Delivering high penetration levels of renewable energy into an established grid
C) Combining fossil fuels with renewables in power plants
D) Isolating renewable systems from traditional grids
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B) Delivering high penetration levels of renewable energy into an established grid
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True or False: Clean power is characterized by voltage variations, low power factor, and power surges.
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False
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Fill in the blank: A ________ is an uninterruptible power supply designed to provide steady, consistent voltage to critical systems.
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UPS
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Which of the following is NOT a pressure driving the transition to renewable energy?
A) Reducing greenhouse gas emissions
B) Addressing finite fossil fuel reserves
C) Increasing nuclear dependency
D) Avoiding local air pollution
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C) Increasing nuclear dependency
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True or False: Oil and gas reserves are expected to last for another 150 years based on current demand.
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False
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Fill in the blank: In 2014, approximately ________ people lacked access to reliable electric power globally.
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1 Billion
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What is a proposed large-scale solution for integrating renewable power into the grid?
A) Maintaining expensive reserve power plants
B) Increasing grid flexibility
C) Removing wind and solar as reserve options
D) Reducing voltage control
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B) Increasing grid flexibility
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True or False: Additional reserve plants are always required for future integrated grids.
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False
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Fill in the blank: Energy storage systems must provide ________ energy reserves to meet demand in seconds to minutes.
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operating
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What does LCOE represent?
A) The total energy capacity of a plant
B) Average revenue per unit of electricity needed to recover costs
C) Capital investment cost divided by the output
D) Total cost of avoided carbon emissions
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B) Average revenue per unit of electricity needed to recover costs
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True or False: Avoided costs in energy production are always higher than LCOE.
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False
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Fill in the blank: The capital cost for offshore wind power plants is approximately ________ per kW.
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$6,500
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What is Denmark’s goal for energy independence?
A) Eliminating energy imports by 2030
B) Achieving carbon neutrality by 2040
C) Doubling fossil fuel imports for energy security
D) Using only solar energy for power
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A) Eliminating energy imports by 2030
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True or False: Denmark shifted to renewables due to reliance on foreign energy imports and rising fuel prices in the 1970s.
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True
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Fill in the blank: The 2015 United Nations Paris Agreement aimed to limit global temperature rise to ________ degrees Celsius by 2060.
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2
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What is the primary result of nuclear fission?
A) Formation of hydrogen and helium
B) Combining isotopes into a single nucleus
C) Splitting of uranium nuclei, releasing energy and neutrons
D) Conversion of heat energy into hydrocarbons
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C) Splitting of uranium nuclei, releasing energy and neutrons
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ENGY-775
True or False: Fast breeder reactors use liquid sodium as a coolant.
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True
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Fill in the blank: Nuclear fusion on Earth is achieved by combining deuterium and ________.
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tritium
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What is the ITER project focused on?
A) Advancing coal gasification technologies
B) Developing the world’s largest tokamak for sustained fusion reactions
C) Integrating renewable storage systems into grids
D) Reducing fission reactor safety concerns
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B) Developing the world’s largest tokamak for sustained fusion reactions
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ENGY-775
True or False: Magnetic confinement in fusion reactors uses a powerful magnetic field to contain plasma.
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True
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What are the primary causes of the need for renewable energy grid integration?
A) Rising energy demand and urbanization
B) Decline in renewable energy costs
C) Reduced need for storage solutions
D) Overreliance on nuclear power
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A) Rising energy demand and urbanization
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True or False: The transition to renewable energy requires both physical system flexibility and changes in institutional frameworks.
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True
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Fill in the blank: In an integrated renewable energy grid, ________ and wind can serve as reserve power options if economically viable.
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solar
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What is the primary concern associated with the public perception of nuclear power?
A) Low energy output
B) High operational costs
C) Safety concerns due to past accidents
D) Inability to generate continuous power
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C) Safety concerns due to past accidents
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ENGY-775
Fill in the blank: Advanced research areas for renewable energy include ________ integration with solar and microgrid functionality.
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energy storage systems
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