[L12]_Future of Renewable Energy, Integration, & LCA

Question 1

ENGY-775

What is grid integration?

A) Installing renewable energy systems directly in rural areas
B) Delivering high penetration levels of renewable energy into an established grid
C) Combining fossil fuels with renewables in power plants
D) Isolating renewable systems from traditional grids

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Answer 1

B) Delivering high penetration levels of renewable energy into an established grid

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Question 2

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True or False: Clean power is characterized by voltage variations, low power factor, and power surges.

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Answer 2

False

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Question 3

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Fill in the blank: A ________ is an uninterruptible power supply designed to provide steady, consistent voltage to critical systems.

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Answer 3

UPS

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Question 4

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Which of the following is NOT a pressure driving the transition to renewable energy?

A) Reducing greenhouse gas emissions
B) Addressing finite fossil fuel reserves
C) Increasing nuclear dependency
D) Avoiding local air pollution

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Answer 4

C) Increasing nuclear dependency

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Question 5

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True or False: Oil and gas reserves are expected to last for another 150 years based on current demand.

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Answer 5

False

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Question 6

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Fill in the blank: In 2014, approximately ________ people lacked access to reliable electric power globally.

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Answer 6

1 Billion

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Question 7

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What is a proposed large-scale solution for integrating renewable power into the grid?

A) Maintaining expensive reserve power plants
B) Increasing grid flexibility
C) Removing wind and solar as reserve options
D) Reducing voltage control

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Answer 7

B) Increasing grid flexibility

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Question 8

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True or False: Additional reserve plants are always required for future integrated grids.

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Answer 8

False

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Question 9

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Fill in the blank: Energy storage systems must provide ________ energy reserves to meet demand in seconds to minutes.

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Answer 9

operating

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Question 10

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What does LCOE represent?

A) The total energy capacity of a plant
B) Average revenue per unit of electricity needed to recover costs
C) Capital investment cost divided by the output
D) Total cost of avoided carbon emissions

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Answer 10

B) Average revenue per unit of electricity needed to recover costs

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Question 11

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True or False: Avoided costs in energy production are always higher than LCOE.

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Answer 11

False

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Question 12

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Fill in the blank: The capital cost for offshore wind power plants is approximately ________ per kW.

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Answer 12

$6,500

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Question 13

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What is Denmark’s goal for energy independence?

A) Eliminating energy imports by 2030
B) Achieving carbon neutrality by 2040
C) Doubling fossil fuel imports for energy security
D) Using only solar energy for power

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Answer 13

A) Eliminating energy imports by 2030

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Question 14

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True or False: Denmark shifted to renewables due to reliance on foreign energy imports and rising fuel prices in the 1970s.

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Answer 14

True

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Question 15

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Fill in the blank: The 2015 United Nations Paris Agreement aimed to limit global temperature rise to ________ degrees Celsius by 2060.

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Answer 15

2

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Question 16

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What is the primary result of nuclear fission?

A) Formation of hydrogen and helium
B) Combining isotopes into a single nucleus
C) Splitting of uranium nuclei, releasing energy and neutrons
D) Conversion of heat energy into hydrocarbons

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Answer 16

C) Splitting of uranium nuclei, releasing energy and neutrons

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Question 17

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True or False: Fast breeder reactors use liquid sodium as a coolant.

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Answer 17

True

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Question 18

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Fill in the blank: Nuclear fusion on Earth is achieved by combining deuterium and ________.

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Answer 18

tritium

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Question 19

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What is the ITER project focused on?

A) Advancing coal gasification technologies
B) Developing the world’s largest tokamak for sustained fusion reactions
C) Integrating renewable storage systems into grids
D) Reducing fission reactor safety concerns

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Answer 19

B) Developing the world’s largest tokamak for sustained fusion reactions

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Question 20

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True or False: Magnetic confinement in fusion reactors uses a powerful magnetic field to contain plasma.

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Answer 20

True

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Question 21

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What are the primary causes of the need for renewable energy grid integration?

A) Rising energy demand and urbanization
B) Decline in renewable energy costs
C) Reduced need for storage solutions
D) Overreliance on nuclear power

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Answer 21

A) Rising energy demand and urbanization

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Question 22

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True or False: The transition to renewable energy requires both physical system flexibility and changes in institutional frameworks.

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Answer 22

True

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Question 23

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Fill in the blank: In an integrated renewable energy grid, ________ and wind can serve as reserve power options if economically viable.

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Answer 23

solar

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Question 24

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What is the primary concern associated with the public perception of nuclear power?

A) Low energy output
B) High operational costs
C) Safety concerns due to past accidents
D) Inability to generate continuous power

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Answer 24

C) Safety concerns due to past accidents

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Question 25

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Fill in the blank: Advanced research areas for renewable energy include ________ integration with solar and microgrid functionality.

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Answer 25

energy storage systems

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