L11 - Human Impact 1

Question 1

In what decade did laws or changes in the amount of dolphins caught in fishing nets happen?

Answer 1

1970s

Question 2

What is happening to the population of Albatros and why?

Answer 2

The population, and the population age are both in decline due to the fact that the albatross females are hunting in areas where long line fisheries are in use.

Mainly older females hunt here as well causing the decline in average age.

Question 3

What can be done to combat Albatros interactions with ling line fisheries? Give 4 examples

Answer 3

Potential mitigation methods:

• fish at night
• put streamers on the lines
• weighted line
• for other animals such as turtles, dolphins and sharks, use circle hooks not J hooks

Question 4

What is ghost fishing?

Answer 4

Where an old net or rubbish catches a fish or animal

Question 5

What effect does oil spills have on birds?

Answer 5

It gets on their feathers, this can:

• kill them as they preen themselves the try and get it off
• get it on their eggs which will suffocate and kill the egg

Question 6

What should be done with a oily seabird?

Answer 6

• feed then with activated charcoal
• feed them
• detergent

can be detrimental and to stressful for seabirds so they will die anyway - 95% die anyway

Question 7

What other mammals are effected by the oil

Answer 7

Furry animals are effected:

• polar bears
• sea otters
• fur seals = phocid seals

Not effected (directly at least):

• dolphins
• Cetacea

Question 8

what other than il can effect sea birds?

Answer 8

Organochlorines - DDT, DDE, PCB, Dioxin

Question 9

What effect does organochlorines in insecticides have on birds?

Answer 9

Thins the shells of birds - major population decline

Particularly in species high up the food chain - accumulation

Poison can be transferred from mother to pup

Question 10

What effect does Polyisobutylene have?

Answer 10

It is an additive to petrol

Birds get coated in it and others things then get stuck to them