L10 Seizure Disorder

Question 1

What is epilepsy

Answer 1

Epileptic brain changes: reduced measures of axonal density in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Question 2

What are seizures

Answer 2

Seizure brain changes: neuronal activity alterations from baseline through various seizure stages and back to baseline.

Question 3

Types of Hyperexcitability

Answer 3

Ionic Balance and Membrane Gradients
Synaptic Transmission
Hypersynchrony

Question 4

What is Ionic Balance and Membrane Gradients

Answer 4

sodium atpase dysfunction
Extracellular ion imbalance
Voltage gated cahnnel alterations

Question 5

What is Synaptic Transmission

Answer 5

Over effective glutamate
Over effective GABA

Paradoxical Reaction

Question 6

What is Hypersynchrony

Answer 6

too much aligning of neuron patterns
all firing at the same time
neurons have too much impact on eachother

Question 7

Treatment for Epilepsy

Answer 7

lifestyle changes
diet (keto)
anti-epileptic drugs
re section
brain stimulation

Question 8

Treatment success for epilepsy

Answer 8

33 controlled
33 challenged
33 refractory

Question 9

Anti-epileptic Medication

Answer 9

Primarily decrease excitability
-NA channel blocking
-Enhance GABAegic activity
-Target voltage - gated calcium channels

Question 10

Types of Seizures

Answer 10

Focal
Generalised

Question 11

Focal Onset Seizure

Answer 11

Consciousness preserved or impaired

Motor - automatisms, atonic, clonic, spasms, hyperkinetic, myoclonic, tonic

Non Motor- automatic, behavioral , cognitive, sensory, emotional and sensory

Question 12

Generalised Onset Seizure

Answer 12

Motor- tonic-clonic, clonic, tonic, myoclonic, myoclonic atonic, eyelid myoclonic

Question 13

How are seizure diagnoses

Answer 13

EEG
Symptoms