L1 - unit into and genomes

Question 1

what is a genome

Answer 1

Entire set of DNA

mitochondrial and nuclear

Question 2

basic properties of DNA

Answer 2

minor and major grooves

antiparrelel - same code in opposite directions

Question 3

key difference in pro and eukaryotic genomes

Answer 3

Pro:
single supercoilded haploid dsDNA
no histones - except archae

No compartmentalisation - trancription and translation can happen at same time

genes expressed in operons - common promoters for mutiple genes

contain plasmids - extrachromsoanal DNA

Eu:
highly condensed dsFNA linear chromosones
membrane bound nucleus

introns present

Question 4

what does nucleoid DNA look like

Answer 4

bottle brusgh with loops of DNA coming fron central core

nucleoid ascociated proteins (NAPs)

Question 5

how many bases per histone

Answer 5

147

1.75 turns per histone core

Question 6

what is heterochromatin

Answer 6

condensed state of DNA = turned off

compared to euchromatin = turned on

Question 7

how much of DNA is non-coding (not introns) tandemly repeated sequences

Answer 7

75%

large amount of repetitive DNA - none in pro