L1: The periodic table. Flashcards
What is an element?
This is a substance made of one type of atom.
What is a compound?
This is a substance made of two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded together.
What is a mixture?
This is a substance made of two or more different types of atoms which aren’t chemically bonded together (e.g. when an element and a compound are in the same substance, this is a mixture).
What is a pure substance?
If a substance is a single element or compound and isn’t mixed with any other substance.
What is a subatomic particle?
This is a particle of matter even smaller than an atom: electrons, neutrons and protons.
What are the charges of the subatomic particles?
An electron has a charge of -1, a neutron has a relative charge of 0, and a proton has a charge of +1.
What is the mass/AMU (atomic mass units) of an electron?
An electron has a relative mass of 0 AMU.
What is the mass/AMU (atomic mass units) of a proton?
A proton has a relative mass of 1 AMU.
What is the mass/AMU (atomic mass units) of a neutron?
A neutron has a relative mass of 1 AMU.
How many different atoms are on the periodic table?
118.
What is a group in the periodic table?
A column.
What is a period in the periodic table?
A row.
What do we find in group one of the periodic table?
The alkali metals.
What do we find in group 7 of the periodic table?
The halogens.
What do we find in group 0 of the periodic table?
The noble gases.
What’s a metalloid?
these sometimes behave like metals, sometimes like non-metals.
What’s the mass number in an atom?
The number of protons and neutrons
what’s the atomic number?
number of protons (also tells you the number of electrons, keep in mind this is only in an atom).
how many electrons can the first shell hold in an atom?
2
how many electrons can the second and third shell hold in an atom?
8 each
how do you write electronic configuration?
the amount of electrons in one shell, a comma, then the amount in the next shell (e.g.) 2,8,8.
what tells you which group an element is in?
the amount of electrons in the outer shell
if an atom is in the same group as another atom, would they tend to have similar properties?
yes
what does the period tell you about an atom?
which shell the outer electrons are in.
What is the charge of a proton?
+1
What is the charge of an electron?
-1
What is the charge of a neutron?
0
