L1: Intro

Question 1

What is Anesthesia?

Answer 1

No memory LOC Loss of all senses Immobility No reflexes-somatic and autonomic

Question 2

Alice Magaw

Answer 2

14,000 anesthetic given without complication

Question 3

Agatha Hodgins

Answer 3

Taught MDs in Europe Began the first NA program Founded AANA

Question 4

General Triad

Answer 4

Hypnosis Analgesia Muscle Relaxation

Question 5

Dyad of Regional

Answer 5

Analgesia Muscle Relaxation

Question 6

Sedative Hypnotics

Answer 6

Propofol Etomidate Ketamine Benzodiazepines Barbiturates

Question 7

Anesthetic Gases

Answer 7

Sevoflurane Desflurane Isoflurane

Question 8

Analgesic

Answer 8

Opiods Local Anesthetics NSAIDS Cox Inhibitors

Question 9

Continuum of Anesthesia State

Answer 9

General anesthesia Deep Sedation Moderate Sedation Minimal Sedation Regional Anesthesia Local Anesthesia

Question 10

Local Anesthesia

Answer 10

Provides numbness to small area where local anesthetic is injected

Question 11

Regional Anesthesia

Answer 11

Inject near cluster of nerves (blocks). Patient stay awake or are given a sedative

Question 12

Minimal Sedation

Answer 12

Patient responds normally to verbal commands. Cognitive fxn and coordination may be impaired. Ventilatory and cardiovascular fxns are unaffected.

Question 13

Moderate Sedation

Answer 13

Patient responds purposefully to verbal commands alone or by light stimulation, but drowsy. Ventilatory and cardiovascular function is maintained.

Question 14

Deep Sedation

Answer 14

Not easily aroused. Responds purposefully following repeated/painful stimulation. Airway may be impaired. Cardiovascular function maintained.

Question 15

General Anesthesia

Answer 15

Not arousable. Ventilatory function impaired. Cardiovascular function may be impaired.

Question 16

MAC

Answer 16

Uses sedatives and other agents, but low dosage so patients is responsive and breathes w/o assistance. Simple procedures/minor surgery

Question 17

Combination techniques

Answer 17

MAC/sedation and local/regional or regional and general

Question 18

General steps

Answer 18

1. Pre-op: comfort, lower anxiety, prevent aspiration, antibiotics 2. Induction Drug: IV or inhalation 3. Neuromuscular Blockade: intubation 4: Opioids/local: minimize pain. Given before cut. 5. Antiemetic: prevent nausea from opiods/inhalation 6. Neuromuscular Blockade Reversal:

Question 19

Recovery steps

Answer 19

Turn off agent Reverse relaxants Extubate Ensure return of motor/sensory blockade Monitor RR or PACU/ICU