L1 Intermolecular Forces

Question 1

The ease with which the electron distribution around an atom or molecule can be distorted is called the what

Answer 1

Polarizability

Question 2

It is a measure of an atoms ability to attract shared electrons to itself

Answer 2

Electronegativity

Question 3

What rule is used to identify electronegativity differences can be used to predict if a bond will become violent polar covalent or ionic

Answer 3

Rule of thumb

Question 4

Bonding electrons shared equally between two atoms no charges on atoms

Answer 4

Nonpolar covalent bond

Question 5

Bonding electrons shared and equally between two atoms partially charges on atoms

Answer 5

Polar covalent bond

Question 6

Complete transfer of one or more valence electrons full charges on resulting ions

Answer 6

Ionic bond

Question 7

This is what all atoms are trying to achieve and this is a bond resulting from the attraction of nuclei for electrons

Answer 7

Stable octet

Question 8

The protons in one nucleus are attracted to the electrons of another atom

Answer 8

Electronegativity

Question 9

The electrons in the outermost shell or energy level of an atom

Answer 9

Valence electron

Question 10

Attractive or repulsive forces between molecules in a substance the it also determine most physical and chemical properties of matter

Answer 10

Intermolecular forces

Question 11

Intra molecular forces are stronger than inter-molecular forces

Answer 11

Because it takes more energy to break apart a molecule covalent bond that overcoming intermolecular forces in between the atoms

Question 12

Weakest to strongest intermolecular forces

Answer 12

London dispersion forces
dipole dipole forces
hydrogen bond
ion dipole forces

Question 13

This is present between all molecules whether they are polar or non-polar in a large atom or molecule the valence electrons our father from the nuclei done in a smaller atom or molecule they are less likely held and can more easily form temporary dipoles

Answer 13

London dispersion forces

Question 14

It is the east in which the electron distribution around an atom or molecule can be distorted

Answer 14

Polarizability

Question 15

This forces tend to be more stronger between molecules that are easily polarized and weaker between molecules that are not easily polarized

Answer 15

London dispersion forces

Question 16

This occur when the partial charges formed within one molecule are attracted to an opposite partial charge in a nearby molecule this create attraction between molecules of a substance and a non-polar molecule turns into an induced dipole when it interacts with a dipole molecule

Answer 16

Dipole dipole forces

Question 17

This is bound to a highly electronegative atom and example of these are nitrogen oxygen and fluorine that same hydrogen is then electrostatically attracted to a loan pair on the nitrogen oxygen or fluorine on adjacent molecules it is a strong dipole-dipole forces

Answer 17

Hydrogen bond

Question 18

Attractive force that results from the electrostatic attraction between an ion and the neutral molecule that has a dipole it is most commonly found in solutions especially important for solutions of ionic compounds in polar liquids

Answer 18

Ion dipole forces

Question 19

Van der waals forces is composed of what

Answer 19

Weak london dispersion and strong dipole-dipole

Question 20

In this bonding electrons shared equally between two atoms and no charges on atoms

Answer 20

Nonpolar covalent bond

Question 21

Bonding electrons shared and equally between two atoms and partial charges on atoms

Answer 21

Polar covalent bond

Question 22

Complete transfer of one or more valence electrons full charges on resulting ions

Answer 22

Ionic bond

Question 23

Within the molecules These forces are the chemical bonds holding the atoms together in the molecules molecules are formed by sharing electrons between the atoms

Answer 23

Intramolecular forces

Question 24

This is always formed between metal cation and nonmetal onion it is oppositely charged ions stick like magnet the complete transfer of valence electrons between atoms ionic bonds

Answer 24

Ionic bonding

Question 25

Pairs of e- are shared between two nonmetal atom to acquire the electron configuration of the noble gas covalent bonds can be polar or non-polar depending on the electronegativity difference between the atoms involved

Answer 25

Covalent bonding

Question 26

This is always formed between two metals mostly pure metals solid gold silver or lead

Answer 26

Metallic bonding

Question 27

This is a process wherein a liquid turns to vapor or gas this process is a great contributor in the global water cycle

Answer 27

Evaporation

Question 28

Prenup liquid turns to vapor or gas the measure of the pressure exerted by a gas above a liquid in a sealed container

Answer 28

Vapor pressure

Question 29

The point where in a liquid transition into a gaseous phase

Answer 29

Boiling point

Question 30

An attractive and repulsive forces that arise between the molecules of a substance these forces can explain both the physical and chemical properties of matter as well as it’s state

Answer 30

Intermolecular theory

Question 31

It states that all matter is made up of moving matter particles that are always in motion

Answer 31

Kinetic molecular theory

Question 32

Stronger intermolecular force needs higher energy to agitate it lower vapor pressure and hard to evaporate

Answer 32

Weaker intermolecular forces needs lower energy to agitated and higher vapor pressure is your to evaporate

Question 33

Allows it to resist an external force due to the cohesive nature of its molecules the higher the intermolecular forces the higher it is

Answer 33

Surface tension

Question 34

It is often referred to as the thickness of fluid as it is a measure of the fluids resistance to flow

Answer 34

Viscosity

the higher the intermolecular force the greater the viscosity

Question 35

Defined as the spontaneous flow of a liquid into a narrow tube or porous material due to the forces of cohesion addition and surface tension

Answer 35

Capillary action

Question 36

Nexus between molecules of the same substance with intermolecular force between two elements cause a tendency to naturally resist separation

Answer 36

Cohesive forces

Question 37

It is what makes the molecules of liquid stick to the surface

Answer 37

Adhesive forces

Question 38

The particle arrangement lux order example of rubber glass plastic helical polymer and wax

Answer 38

Amorphous solids

Question 39

It has an organized particle arrangement as a result it has a distinct shaped like diamond quartz sugar mica rock and snowflakes

Answer 39

Crystalline solids

Question 40

It has an attraction of positive and negative ions it forms crystal structures as it is hard and brittle it has a high melting point a poor conductor of heat and icarus a t it is made up of a lattice of positive and negative ions held together by electrostatic attractions like table salt and nacl

Answer 40

Ionic solids

Question 41

It creates a delicacy of valence electrons as positive nucleus surrounded by loosely held valence electrons they form crystalline structures and are excellent conductors of heat and electricity

Answer 41

Metallic solids

Question 42

Has strong covalent forces within molecules there are weak forces between molecules it is relatively soft and has a low melting point it is a poor conductor of heat like ice dry ice and sugar crystals

Answer 42

Molecular solids

Question 43

Is non-electrolytes it is very hard and brittle and has a high melting point some covalent substances do not form discrete molecules and atoms are covalently bonded in large networks or chains by covalent bonds like the diamond and graphite

Answer 43

Covalent network solids

Question 44

To express the concentration of a solution with the mass of a solute and the mass of a solution is given

Answer 44

Percent by mass

Question 45

It is used to express the concentration of a solution when the volume of solute and solution is given

Answer 45

Percent by volume

Question 46

Molarity always uses _____
molality always uses _____

Answer 46

Molarity - 1 liters of solution
Molality - 1 kilogram of solvent