L1 - Home of the Hogwarts

Question 1

How are igneous rocks formed?

Answer 1

When volcanoes erupt and the magma/lava cools.

E.g. granite

Question 2

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Answer 2

A morphed version of another rock due to extreme pressure and heat (usually at subduction/collision zones)
Comprises of layers of rock (e.g. shale, schist)

Question 3

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 3

Deposition of particles that have been eroded, also remains of plants and animals. E.g. chalk

Question 4

What are the characteristics of the rock type(s) found in the UK Uplands?

Answer 4

Igneous and metamorphic rock due to magma rising through Earths crust (high relief area e.g. Dartmoor)- resistant to erosion
Scotland, Wales, SW England

Question 5

What type of rock is the majority of the UK?

Answer 5

Sedimentary - long time since UK was near a plate boundary

Formed when the UK was near tropical seas and plants and animals died (carboniferous limestone)

Question 6

State the 2 processes that wear down mountains (via glaciation).

Answer 6

Abrasion, plucking

Question 7

What is plucking?

Answer 7

Rocks and stones are frozen on the sides of glaciers, when the glacier moves they get plucked off leaving jagged surfaces.

Question 8

How has glaciation affected the UK?

Answer 8

Multiple glaciations of the last 2.5m years
Ice advancements as far south as London
U-shaped valleys are the visible result