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Nutrition and Energy > L1 Composition of the Human Diet > Flashcards

L1 Composition of the Human Diet Flashcards

1
Q

How much energy is yielded from 1g of protein?

A

17kJ

4kcal

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2
Q

How much energy is yielded from 1g of carbohydrate?

A

17kJ

4kcal

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3
Q

How much energy is yielded from 1g of alcohol?

A

29kJ

7kcal

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4
Q

How much energy is yielded by 1g of fat?

A

37kJ

9kcal

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5
Q

What is the recommended calorie intake for men and women?

A

Men: 2500kcal

Women: 2000kcal

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6
Q

What % of daily energy intake is the recommended amount of protein?

A

10%

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7
Q

What % of daily energy intake is the recommended amount of fat?

A

<35%

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8
Q

What % of daily energy intake is the recommended amount of carbohydrate?

A

50%

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9
Q

What % of daily energy intake is the recommended amount of sugar?

A

5%

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10
Q

What is the recommended daily amount of dietary fibre?

A

30g/day

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11
Q

What is the recommended daily amount of salt?

A

<6g/day

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12
Q

Of the 20 amino acids, how many are essential? What does this mean?

A

8 or 9 are essential. This means they cannot be synthesised by the body and must come from the diet

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13
Q

What are the essential amino acids?

A

TV TILL PM

Tryptophan
Valine
Threonine
Isoleucine
Leucine
Lysine
Phenylalanine
Methionine

(Histidine in children)

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14
Q

How much of each essential amino acid is required per day?

A

About 1g of each

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15
Q

Which are the non-essential amino acids?

A 
Alanine
Aspartic acid
Citrulline
Cystine
Glutamic acid
Glycine
Hydroxyproline
Serine
Tyrosine
Arginine
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16
Q

True or false: Egg protein provides 100% of the essential amino acids in optimal amounts

17
Q

True or false: Most plant proteins are nutritionally complete

A

False

Most animal proteins are nutritionally complete (supply all essential amino acids) but most plant proteins are deficient in one or more AA

18
Q

What is Kwashiorkor?

A

A disease resulting from severe protein deficiency.

Common where proteins sources are deficient in essential amino acids.

Results in stunded growth, oedema, hair and skin problems

19
Q

95% of dietary fat consists of a mixture of __?__

A

triglycerides

20
Q

Triglycerides are triesters of __?__

A

glycerol and fatty acids

21
Q

The fatty acids that make up triglycerides may have their bonds fully saturated, monounsaturated or __?__

A

polyunsaturated

22
Q

What are the two families of polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs)

A

Omega-6 from linoleic acid

Omega-3 from alpha-linoleic acid

Nutrition and Energy (14 decks)

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