L1 Flashcards
What are the spleen and stomach linked via?
The gastrosplenic ligament
Why is the dorsal mesentery fund at the front ?
Rotation
What is the function of the inguinal canal?
They are gaps, thru which the testes go thru
What are the 3 layers that the spermatic cord passes through from innermost- outermost
Transversalis fascia
Internal oblique
External oblique
What are the subsequent names of the spermatic cord takes after passing through the layers?
Innermost-
Internal spermatic fascia
Cremasteric fascia
External spermatic fascia
describe the endoderm?
Majority of gut, most of epithelium, & glands of the digestive tract
Describe the mesoderm
Muscular layers
Describe the ectoderm
Epithelium @ extremities of tract. Cranial-mouth
Caudal-mouth
What processes form the primitive gut and when?
Results from 2 folds; cranial and caudal
@ 4 weeks
@ 4 weeks what membranes are the cranial and caudal ends enclosed by?
1) Cloacal
2) Buccopharyngea
what are the 3 gut divisions?
Foregut
Midgut
Hindgut
(look at the pics in the slide)
What organs are in the foregut?
SLOPP
Oesophagus Stomach Proximal half duodenum Liver Pancrease
What organs are in the midgut?
Distal half duodenum jejunum ileum cecum Asc+3/4 transverse colon
What organs in the hindgut?
1/4 transverse colon+descending +sigmoid colon and rectum
what is the primitive gut held in position by
Mesenteries
Describe the mesentery and its functions
Double layer of peritoneum
Dorsal and ventral
Relative to the gut tube
It suspends gut organs
Pathway for VAN and lymph
What is part of the ventral mesentery that doesn’t degenerate during development?
The foregut
Describe the dorsal mesentery and its functions
Attaches to organs, posterior to abdominal wall,
gives rise to a set of organs:
Mesentery of small and large intestine
Gastrosplenic
Lienorenal
Greater Omentum
Where is the ventral mesentery located?
and what does it become
Foregut only
Gives rise to Falciform ligament
Ligaments around the liver
Degenerates during development- ecept foregut
Generally describe the abdomen
Trunk below diaphragm
What is the abdominal cavity occasionally called?
Abdominopelvic
What is the abdominopelvic divided into
Abdomen proper
and Greater pelvis
The greater pelvis is continuous with
Lesser pelvis
Describe the barriers of the abdominal wall
Flat abdominal muscles
&
Lumbar vertebral column
what are the muscles anterior to the abdominal wall
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis
What is the function of the External oblique and description
From- outer surface of lower ribs
to: Linea alba-down midline:
ending at the iliac crest
and pubic tubercle
Works with internal oblique for torsional movement of trunk
Func and descrip of internal oblique
From: lateral 1/3 inguinal ligament ant 2/3 iliac crest To: linea alba coastal margin Rest of pubic bone
Flex and rotate trunk
compress viscera
Transversus abdominis func and descrip
From: Lat 1/3 inguinal ligament
Int surface lower 6 ribs
Iliac crest
To: Linea alba Crest of pubic bone
Compress and support viscera
Rectus abdominis func and descrip
From: Pubic symphysis + crest
To: xiphoid process
5th-7th costal cartilages
Flexes trunk
compresses viscera
VAN of structures anterior to abdominal wall
V-Thoracoepigastric
A-Sup and inf epigastric, intercostal and circumflec iliac
N- Thoracoabdominal
What additional nerves supply the rectus abdominis
Thoracic and subcoastal nerves
What are the lesser and greater sacs
Formed via organ rotation
Lesser-behind stomach
Rest of peritoneal cavity- greater sac
What do the sacs communicate via
Epiloic foramen
What is the inguinal canal
Serves as a passage way for the spermatic cord to reach scrotum in male
Round ligament of uterus to reach labia majora in female
What are the inguinal canals limited by
Superficial and deep inguinal rings
