L1,3 - Data + Information Flashcards
What is data
- The record of an event or fact
- Raw unprocessed facts that have some relevance to an individual or organisation
What is information
- Data processed for a purpose
- Data that has been processed or given some structure tht brings meaning to a individual or organisation
- Process - Communication
- a Thing - Information containing objects
- Knowledge - Cognitive change (Increase or decrease in uncertainty)
What is Metadata
Metadata - Provides and interface between the user and data tables
- **Data about the data (Enables the user to conceptualise and work with a set of data)**
- Provides structure like the headings of columns in an excel sheet
What is Data Processing?
****Classification -**** Arranging cases by type or group
****Summarising -**** Compress sets of cases into smaller ones
Rearranging/ Sorting Data
******Performing calculations on data******
******Selection of data******
What is the value of information?
- Data collection is profitable because data is very valuables
- Allows for better decision making so better data-driven recommendations
- To create better gross profit
- Value is non quantifiable
- Cant isolate the effect of information
- Information not just helpful for decision making
- Intelligence given from the information has benefits which can be used ethically or not ethical
How do we collect Data
- Surveys (In person)
- Sensors
- We can collect digital data - google maps
Types of Data
- Objective - measurable and directly observable
- Subjective - data related to peoples perceptions or feelings
- Quantitative - numerical data
- Qualitative - non-numeric (text, discourse, video)
What is reliability and Validity
- Reliability - Consistent with free of random errors
- Same numbers when recording numbers
- Will people give the same responses (peoples mood?)
- How truthful or relevant a method is
- How can we accurately measure the temperature
- Is the thermometer is working (but reliably shit)
What is research?
What is research?
- Purposefully gathering data
- Analysing the data to answer questions
- Furthering knowlege an understanding
What makes a process systematic and replicable
- Identifying problems within specific boundaries
- Using well designed method for data collection and analysis
- Disseminating he knowlage to be generalised
Why do Research
- Describe a phenomenan
- Generate explanations to explain the cause of phenomenons
- To then make predictions
- To control the phenomenon of interest through planned interventions
What are research methods?
- Formalised procedure for data collection and analysis (Recipe for research)
- Documented
- Efficacy underpinned by theory and empirical evidence
- Allows for repeatability from different people with minimal changes
What are the advantages and disadvanges of open questions
- No Set options
ADV
- More true to the persons actual option
DIS
- Time consuming
- Answers have to be coded due to no set option (More analysis required)
What are the advantages and disadvantages of closed questions?
Set options
ADV
- Easy process - clear mapping
- Comparable answers
- Easy interviews
- Reduce possibility of variability
DIS
- Inaccurate - nearest match
- Forced choice answers
- Difficult to make response options exhaustive
- May be frustrating for respondents
