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UTS 0003 > L01 Perspective of Philosophy > Flashcards

L01 Perspective of Philosophy Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of Philosophy

Date & Place

A

600 BCE
Athens, Ancient Greece

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2
Q

Definition of Philosophy

A

Love of wisdom

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3
Q

Fill in the blank

Philosophy influenced _ thought

A

Western

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4
Q

What did Philosophy questioned?

A

Center of the universe and what possible role a man may play in it

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5
Q

Fill in the blanks

Greek Philosophers came up with answers that are _ and _ in nature

Price, 2000

A

cognitive and scientific

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6
Q

Greek Philosophers

In Miletus, what did they and did they not seek?

Price, 2000

A

YES: Seek natural explanations
NO: Seek supernatural explanations

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7
Q

Greek Philosophers

What did the philosophers observe?

A

Changes and in the world and explain these by understanding the laws of nature

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8
Q

Fill in the blank: Greek Philosophers

Study change led them to the idea of _

Price, 2000

A

Idea of permanence

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9
Q

Fill in the blank: Greek Philosophers

Search for explanations of how the world works by understanding the:

4

A
  1. Element
  2. Mathematics
  3. Heavenly bodies
  4. Atoms
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10
Q

Greek Philosophers

Another group of philosophers shifted their search and focused on _

Price, 2000

A

Focused on man

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11
Q

Greek Philosophers

Understand the _, _, and _

Price, 2000

A
  1. Nature of human beings
  2. Problems of morality
  3. Life philosophies
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12
Q

Greek Philosophers

Understand nature and the universe

–>

Inner world of man

3 questions

A
  1. Who am I?
  2. Why am I here?
  3. What do I want out of life?
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13
Q

Place

_ was the center of Western thought when philosophical thoughts -> nature of human beings

A

Athens

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14
Q

Athens in Ancient Greece

People skilled were called _ and settle arguments by _ and _

A
  1. Sophists
  2. Discussion
  3. Debate
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15
Q

Athens

Sophists were the _

Teaching

A

First teacher of the West

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16
Q

Sophists

Mainly arguments

A

Practical things and not metaphysical speculations

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17
Q

Person

Mentor of Plato

A

Socrates (470-399 BCE)

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18
Q

Enumeration

Socrates wanted to discover the essential nature of _, _, _, and _

Moore & Bruder, 2002

A
  1. Knowledge
  2. Justice
  3. Beauty
  4. Goodness
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19
Q

Socrates’ thoughts were only known through _ (_)

A

Plato’s writing (The Dialogues)

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20
Q

Explain how Socrates was sentenced to death

A

Through Plato, Socrates became a brilliant debater that was idolized by many. Angered the Sophists -> Trial -> Death sentence

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21
Q

Socrates Method

Definition

A

Discovering what is essential in the world and in people

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22
Q

Other term for “Socrates Method”

2

A
  1. Socratic Method
  2. Dialect Method
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23
Q

Socratic Method involves what?

Search

A

Search for the correct and proper definition of a thing

24
Q

Socratic Method

What did Socrates do?

DID & DID NOT

A

DID NOT: Lecture
DID: Ask questions and engage people

25
Q

Goal of Socrates’ Teaching

A

Bring the person closer to the final understanding

26
Q

Socrate’s View of Human Nature

Socrates famous statement

A

“The unexamined life is not worth living”

27
Q

Socrate’s View of Human Nature

Socratic Method

Allowed him to

A
  • Questions people’s beliefs and ideas
  • Exposing misconception
  • Touch their soul
28
Q

Socrate’s View of Human Nature

Where do real understanding comes from?

Socrates

A

Within the person

29
Q

Socrate’s View of Human Nature

What is true self?

Price, 2000

A

Soul not the body

30
Q

Socrates’ View of Human Nature

Virtue is what?

A

Inner goodness and real beauty is that of the soul

31
Q

Socratic Method

What do the Socratic Method force people?

A

Use innate reason by reaching inside themselves to their deepest nature

32
Q

Socratic Method

Aim

A

Make people think, seek, and ask again and again

33
Q

Plato’s real name

A

Aristocles

34
Q

Mentor of Aristotle

A

Plato (428-348 BCE)

35
Q

Origin of Plato

Place

A

Athens
Aristocratic family

36
Q

Definition

Meaning of Plato

A

Physical built “Wide/Broad”

37
Q

School

What did Plato established?

A

The Academy

38
Q
A
39
Q

Plato’s Metaphysics

A

Theory of Forms

40
Q

Plato: Theory of Forms

What are forms?

A
  1. What are real
  2. Objects cannot be encountered with senses
  3. Grasped intellectually
41
Q

Plato

Characteristics of Forms

A
  1. Ageless, eternal
  2. Unchanging, permanent
  3. Unmoving and indivisible
42
Q

Plato

Dualism

Two Realms

A
  1. The Realm of the Shadows
  2. The Realm of Forms
43
Q

Person

Plato made use of _

Method

A

Socrates’ Dialectic Method

44
Q

Platos’ View of Human Nature

Where do knowledge lies?

A

Knowledge lies within the person’s soul

45
Q

Platos’ View of Human Nature

Considered human beings as _ of the universal _

M & M

A
  • Microcosms
  • Macrocosm
46
Q

Platos’ View of Human Nature

Plato on Soul

A
  • REASON: Rational & motivation of goodness and truth
  • SPIRITED: Non-Rational & will or drive toward action
  • APPETITES: Irrational & desire for pleasure of body
47
Q

Plato

Allegory of the Cave

A

People in the cave only see shadows of reality which they believe are real things and represent knowledge

48
Q

Plato

What are real and not real?

A

REAL: Forms
NOT REAL: Shadow

49
Q

Plato

Allegory of the Cave

Picture

A

Ignorance of humanity trapped in the conventional ethics formed by society

50
Q

Plato

To know the truth …

A

Person must become the truth

51
Q

Plato

Theory of Being

A

The more a person knows, the more he is and the better he is

52
Q

Fill in the blank

To _ for _ is to be

A

To know for Plato is to be

53
Q

Plato

What is love?

A

Love is the force that paves the way for all beings to ascend to higher stages of self-realization and perfection

54
Q

Plato

Where do love begin?

A

Begins with a feeling or experience that there is something lacking

55
Q

Plato

Love is a way of _ and _

A

Knowing and realizing the truth

56
Q

Plato

Love is a process _

A

Process of seeking higher stages of being

UTS 0003 (1 decks)

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