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Bridge Operations > L01 > Flashcards

L01 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the important chapters of SOLAS to remember?

A

II - Fire Protection and Fire Safety.
III - LSA
IV - Radio communications which includes GMDSS.
V - Safety of Navigation.
IX - Management for the safe Operation of Vessel (includes ISM).

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2
Q

What are the main objectives of a safety management system?

A
  • Safe manning levels.
  • Safe conduct of navigation.
    -Compliance with MARPOL.
  • Effective communication and teamwork.
  • Effective training and familiarisation.
  • Ship board operation procedures.
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3
Q

What is STCW?

A

Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping (Regulated by the IMO)

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4
Q

What is the 3 STCW levels?

A

Management, Operational, Support

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5
Q

Summarise the Management level of STCW

A

Level of responsibility associated with the Master, C/O, C/E or 2/E ensuing all functions are being performed.

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6
Q

Summarise the Operational level of STCW

A

Level of responsibility associated with OOW (Deck and Eng), designated duty engineer or R/O and maintaining direct control over the performance of all functions within designated area of responsibility in accordance with proper procedures and supervised by management level.

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7
Q

Summarise the Support level of STCW

A

Level of responsibility associated with performing assigned tasks, duties or responsibilities under the direction of person from Operational or Management level.

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8
Q

What is the certification that needs to be held by a deck officer?

A

-COC
-GMDSS
-ENG1
-First aid at sea or Medical First Aid.
-Advanced Fire Fighting.
-CPSC
-STCW Personal Survival Techniques.
-STCW Personal Safety and Social Responsibilities.
-STCW Elementary First Aid.
-STCW Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting.
-Security Awareness Training.

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9
Q

What is a MSN?

A

(Merchant Shipping Notice) - Contains mandatory information, in many cases technical requirements of the Statutory Instruments

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10
Q

What is an MGN?

A

(Marine Guidance Note) - Advise and Guidance information.

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11
Q

What is an MIN?

A

(Marine information note) - Information for a limited readership, with a limited period of validity, such as MCA research projects and announcements of examination dates.

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12
Q

What are the masters standing orders?

A

-Written by the Master as how he wants the ship to be run normally and in special and emergency situations.
- All members of the bridge team must sign to say they have read it.

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13
Q

What are Masters Special Instructions?

A

This can be used to enforce a different watchkeeping or reporting policy.

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14
Q

What are the 15 times you should call the master?

A

-Restricted Visibility.
-Traffic or shipping movements cause concern.
-When a distress alert has been received or a distress signal has been sighted.
-Difficulties maintaining course.
-Significant difference between the latest observed position and EP.
- Failure to sight expected land, marks
-Unexpected land or marks are sighted.
-Breakdown of propulsion systems.
-GMDSS malfunctions.
-Possibility of weather damage.
-Vessel meets any hazards such as ice.
-Vessel security concerns.
-Any emergency situation.
- When the situation is beyond the experience of the OOW.

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15
Q

What are the duties of the OOW?

A

-Maintain a safe navigational watch at sea or at anchor.
-Effective watch handovers.
-Keep a proper lookout.
-Familiarity with bridge procedures.
-Maintaining situational awareness.
-IRPCS
-GMDSS watchkeeping.
-Execution of passage plan.

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16
Q

What factors determine bridge manning?

A

-Whether the ship has automatic steering.
-Distance away from hazards.
-When in a TSS scheme.
-Fitness for duty of any member of the watch.
-Layout of bridge.
-Ship size
-Ship security
-Training

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17
Q

When can the OOW be a soul lookout?

A

When the master is satisfied that the OOW is fit for duty, able to safely navigate the vessel, knows who will provide them with assistance in any situation that may arise and backup personnel are aware.

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18
Q

What are the Annexes of MARPOL

A

I- Prevention of pollution by oil.
II- Control of pollution by noxious liquid substances in bulk.
III-Prevention of Pollution by Harmful Substances Carried by Sea in Packaged Form.
IV- Prevention of pollution by Sewage.
V- Prevention of pollution by Garbage.5
VI- Prevention of Air pollution.

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19
Q

What actions are taken when there is an oil spill in port?

A

-Stop all cargo operations.
-Sound the alarm.
-Prevent oil or vapour entering the engine room.
-Inform harbour authority, terminal manager and adjacent shipping.
-Enter details of the incident into the oil record book.
-Use SOPEP kit.
-Use oily water separators.

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20
Q

Why do you have to manage ballast water?

A

To stop the transportation of invading predator species and introducing them into ecosystems they would not naturally introduced to.

21
Q

What are the bridge equipment carriage requirements for vessels for 150GT

A

-Magnetic Compass, able to be read from the steering position and space compass.
-Means of taking magnetic compass bearings over 360.
-Nautical charts and publications for an intended voyage (ECDIS may replace charts).
-Back up arrangement for any electronic chart system.
-GPS or radio navigation system.
-Telephone
-BNWAS
-Voyage data recorder (passenger and Ro Ro only)
- External sound reception system.

22
Q

What extra carriage requirements are required for 300GT +

A

-Echo sounder
-X band radar
-Electronic plotting aid
-Speed and distance measuring devices.
-Transmitting heading device.
-AIS

23
Q

What extra carriage requirements are required for 500GT +

A

-Gyro compass, repeaters to take bearings and repeater at emergency steering position.
-Automatic tracking aid.
-Steering and propulsion indicators.

24
Q

What extra carriage requirements are required for 3000GT +

A

-S band
-Secondary Automatic tracking aid.
-Voyage data recorder

25
Q

What extra carriage requirements are required for 1000GT +

A

-Automatic plotting aid capable of 20 targets and trial manoeuvre functions
-Autopilot

26
Q

What extra carriage requirements are required for 50000GT +

A

-Rate of turn indicator
-Speed and distance indicator measuring over the ground forward and athwartships.

27
Q

What does rule 5 say about lookout procedures?

A

Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means.

28
Q

What are you looking for on watch as the OOW?

A

-Make full appraisal of the risk of collision with other vessels
-Identify navigational hazards such as wrecks, floating objects, ice and uncharted hazards.
-Determine the risk of grounding.
-Detect and respond to significant changes in weather and sea state.
-Identify aids to navigation.
-Respond to distress signals.
-Identify threats to security.

29
Q

As the OOW what are you listening for to maintain a proper lookout?

A

-Distress calls.
-Sound signals.

30
Q

How will you manage your watch to maintain a proper lookout?

A

-Briefing
-Binoculars
-Radar and AIS.
-Elephants ears
-ECDIS, RADAR, ARPA.
-Night vision
-Reporting

31
Q

What navigational considerations would you have near offshore installations?

A

-Bridge team composition.
-Highlight safety zones (500m)
-Safe speed (rule 6)
-Manual steering
-Limited room for collision avoidance.
-Radar range scales to use.

32
Q

What are the associated problems off offshore installations?

A

-Helicopter movements.
-Uncharted moorings.
-DP tankers manoeuvring to FPSO, FSU or SBM’s.
-Radio communications between rigs, supply vessels and tother traffic.
-Oil/gas leaks from submerged pipes.

33
Q

What is the duty of a pilot?

A

-Effective co ordination between the master, other members of the bridge team and the pilot is a perquisite for safe pilotage.

34
Q

What does efficient pilotage consist of?

A

-Effective communication between the master, bridge team and pilot.
-Mutual understanding of the duties and responsibilities.
-Accurate exchange of information between the master, bridge team and pilot.

35
Q

What equipment would you have in place before the pilot boards?

A

-A lifebuoy with self-igniting light.
-Throw line with a coit.
-Pilot ladder/ Accommodation ladder (must comply with SOLAS chapter 5).
-Harness

36
Q

What information does the master give the pilot when they arrive at the bridge.

A

-Draft/UKC and Squat.
-Air draft
-Main ship dimensions.
Propulsion, rudders, thrusters.
-Maximum safe rate of turn.
-Passage plan.
-Weather
-Traffic situation
-Who has the con.

37
Q

What information is found on the pilot card?

A

-Draft/UKC and Squat.
-Air draft
-Main ship dimensions.
Propulsion, rudders, thrusters.
-Maximum safe rate of turn.
-Ship particulars.
-Steering particulars.
-Instrument checklist.

38
Q

What is girting?

A

-When a conventional tugs pivotal point moves forward of the propulsion system to under the towing hook when the line is under strain.
- Can result in the tug capsizing of the ship turns independently too quick away from the tug or excessive straight line speed.

39
Q

What methods can be used to obtain the weather forecast?

A

-MF, HF, VHF
-Inmarsat
-Shipping Forecast
-Facsimile (Synoptic, surface charts).
-Met office or local websites.

40
Q

What actions will be taken prior to going into heavy weather?

A

-Inform master and engine room.
-Inform crew to avoid upper deck areas.
-Rig safety lines/ hand ropes where necessary.
-Continue to monitor weather reports.
-Appraise possible voyage plan deviations.
-Stabilizers

41
Q

What is running into heavy weather?

A

-Vessel will keep rolling to a minimum for as the wave approaches the vessel will heel towards it and so damp the rolling effect.
-Vessel will be subjected to pitching, pounding and slamming of the fore foot.
-Engines will race due to excessive pitch.
- longitudinal and racking stresses increase.

42
Q

What is running off the weather?

A

Running with the weather is not an ideal situation however maybe necessary to avoid a lee shore or to otherwise gain more sea room.

43
Q

What is running before the weather?

A

-Vessel will heel away before from the oncoming wave and so exaggerate the roll due to the increased time taken for the wave to pass the LOA.
-(pooping)

44
Q

When reporting weather to the local authorities what should the report contain?

A

-Position of the storm.
-UT and date when the storm was encountered.
-Barometric pressure and change during the prior 3 hours.
-True direction and force of wind.
-Sea state.

45
Q

What considerations are to be made when turning in heavy weather.

A

-Avoid broaching.
-watch for every 7th wave.

46
Q

What preparations should be made for entering an area of ice

A

-Inform Master/engine room.
-Close all watertight doors.
-Moderate speed as appropriate.
-Increase frequency of sounding tanks.
-Monitor ice forecasts.
-Transmit danger messages in accordance with SOLAS.

47
Q

What is needed to carry out a Williamson turn?

A

-Rudder hard over to the opposite side of the MOB.
-Opposite rudder hard over.
-Once 20 degrees off reciprocal rudder midships.
-Steady on reciprocal course and begin search.

48
Q

What is needed to carry out a Anderson turn?

A

-Rudder hard over to the opposite side of the MOB.
- Rudder to midships after turning 250degrees from original course.

49
Q

What is needed to carry out a Scharnow turn?

A

-Delay turn then hard over towards MOB.
-After turned 240 degrees the rudder hard over opposite direction.
-Once 20 degrees off reciprocal rudder midships.

Bridge Operations (1 decks)

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