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Positioning Chapter 8 > L-spine > Flashcards

L-spine Flashcards

1
Q

Lumbar spine has what curve

A

Secondary curve, Lordotic curve, Convex

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2
Q

Pelvic has what curve

A

Primary curve, Kyphotic curve, Concave

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3
Q

What is inferior to the sacrum

A

Coccyx

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4
Q

Number of lumbar vertebrae

A

Five

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5
Q

Articulates with both ilia

A

Sacrum

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6
Q

Abnormally increased concavity of the spine

A

Lordosis

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7
Q

Lateral deviation of the spine with possible vertebral rotation

A

Scoliosis

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8
Q

Failure of the posterior encasement of the spinal cord to close

A

Spina Bifida

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9
Q

Breaking down of vertebra

A

Spondylolysis

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10
Q

Forward displacement of a vertebra over a lower vertebra, usually L5-S1

A

Spondylolisthesis

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11
Q

Process extending laterally and posteriorly from the body

A

Pedicles

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12
Q

Process extending posteriorly from the junction of both laminae

A

Spinous Process

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13
Q

Process extending laterally from the pedicle-laminae junction

A

Transverse Process

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14
Q

Articular processes

A

Zygapophyses

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15
Q

Solid anterior part of a vertebra

A

Body

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16
Q

Connects the transverse process with the spinous process

A

Laminae

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17
Q

Functions of the vertebral column

A

Protects spinal cord, support for the trunk and skull, attachment for ribs

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18
Q

How do zygapophyseal articulations of the lumbar vertebra open

A

30-50 degrees

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19
Q

How do lumbar intervertebral foramina open

A

90 degrees

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20
Q

How many degrees do the SI joints open

A

25-30 degrees

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21
Q

Why should patint empty bladder fo AP L-spine

A

Urine may produce an unwanted shadow or create secondary radiation

22
Q

What SID is recommended for L-spine

A

48’’ to reduce distortion or open joint spaces

23
Q

Why should patient flex knees

A

To reduce lordotic curve and to prevent rotation

24
Q

Central ray for AP/Lateral L-spine

A

iliac crest (L4)

25
Q

How much of the vertebral column should be shown on AP image

A

Lower thoracic to sacrum

26
Q

What body plane should be centered to midline of table

A

Midcoronal

27
Q

What brething technique should be used

A

Stop breathing after expiration

28
Q

Central ray should be directed

A

Perpendicular to table

29
Q

What lumbar anatomy should be demonstrated with the lateral L-spine

A

Intervertebral foramina

30
Q

Where is the central ray for lumbosacral located

A

1 1’2 inferior to iliac crest, 2 inches posterior

31
Q

What is demonstrated when the patient is rotated with left side elevated

A

Lumbar zygapophyseal aritculations of the right side

32
Q

What is demonstrated when the patient is LPO

A

Left zygapophyseal joints

33
Q

What does the “Scottie dog” demonstrate

A

Zygapophyseal joints

34
Q

The eye of the “Scottie dog” demonstrates what

A

The pedicle of the side closer to the IR

35
Q

Why is PA projection not preferred

A

AP places coccyx closer to IR

36
Q

How do zygapophyseal joints open in lumbar vertebra

A

30-60 degrees posteriorly

37
Q

What parts of the sacrum for the joints with the ilia of the pelvis

A

Auriular surfaces

38
Q

Why is 14 by 17 collimated field recommended

A

To visualize liver, kidneys, spleen, and psoas muscles

39
Q

What plane should be centered for AP projection

A

Midsagittal

40
Q

What plane should be centered for lateral projection

A

Midcoronal

41
Q

What projection best demonstrates intervertebral foramina

A

Lateral

42
Q

What projection best demonstrates the zygapophyseal joints

A

AP oblique

43
Q

RPO demonstrates

A

right zygapophyseal joints

44
Q

If the pedical was quite anterior and the zygapophyseal joints were not well demonstrated then

A

The patient was not rotated enough

45
Q

WHat projection demonstrates the “Scottie dog’

A

Oblique Projection

46
Q

What projection requires MSP positioned parallel to IR

A

Lateral

47
Q

What projection best demonstrates the left SI joint

A

RPO posiion

48
Q

AP sacrum

A

15 degrees cephalad

49
Q

AP coccyx

A

10 degrees caudad

50
Q

Lateral sacrum and coccyx

A

Central ray perpendicular

51
Q

5 fused segments

A

Sacrum

52
Q

Why is L-spine different

A

Large, broad spinous process

Positioning Chapter 8 (2 decks)

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