L-11-12-Ear Flashcards
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Anatomy of the Ear
Flashcard 1
Q: What are the three main parts of the ear?
A: Outer ear
middle ear
Flashcard 2
Q: What structures are found in the outer ear?
A: Auricle (pinna) and external auditory meatus.
Flashcard 3
Q: What are the components of the middle ear?
A: Tympanic membrane
auditory ossicles (malleus
Flashcard 4
Q: What are the structures of the inner ear?
A: Cochlea
semicircular canals
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Hearing Mechanism
Flashcard 5
Q: What is the function of the tympanic membrane?
A: Converts sound waves into mechanical vibrations.
Flashcard 6
Q: How does sound travel through the ossicles?
A: Sound waves cause the tympanic membrane to vibrate
moving the malleus
Flashcard 7
Q: What is the role of the stapedius muscle?
A: Reduces excessive vibration of the stapes to protect the inner ear from loud sounds.
Flashcard 8
Q: What is the Organ of Corti?
A: A structure in the cochlea that converts mechanical vibrations into electrical signals sent to the brain.
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Balance and Equilibrium
Flashcard 9
Q: What part of the ear is responsible for balance?
A: The vestibular system
including the semicircular canals and vestibule.
Flashcard 10
Q: What is the function of the semicircular canals?
A: Detect head movements and help maintain balance.
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Facial Nerve and Its Course
Flashcard 11
Q: What nerve passes through the internal auditory meatus?
A: The facial nerve (CN VII) and vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII).
Flashcard 12
Q: What is the function of the chorda tympani?
A: Carries taste sensation from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and parasympathetic fibers to salivary glands.
Flashcard 13
Q: What is the function of the greater petrosal nerve?
A: Provides parasympathetic innervation to the lacrimal gland and mucosal glands of the nose and palate.
Flashcard 14
Q: What condition can result from facial nerve damage near the ear?
A: Facial paralysis
loss of taste in the anterior tongue
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Pathologies
Flashcard 15
Q: What is conductive hearing loss?
A: Hearing loss due to a problem in transmitting sound waves through the outer or middle ear.
Flashcard 16
Q: What is sensorineural hearing loss?
A: Hearing loss due to damage to the cochlea or auditory nerve.
Flashcard 17
Q: Why are children more prone to ear infections?
A: Their Eustachian tubes are more horizontal
making fluid drainage less efficient.
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