L:1 Historical overview of European treaties Flashcards

1
Q

Treaty on European Economic Community?

A
  • 1957
  • foundation treaty of the EU
  • Goals: Establishing a common market
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2
Q

what institutions were in the Treaty on European Economic Community?

A

Institutions: ASSEMBLY [EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT], a COUNCIL, a COMMISSION, a COURT OF JUSTICE.

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3
Q

how did they decide Treaty on European Economic Community and what agreements?

A
  • in 1957 unanimity was required= means that all the ministers needed to agree. One minister had a veto right. This was not a problem since the council only had six members in this period.
  • QMV= currently 57% need to agree.
  • This treaty contained agreements on: Common custom’s tariff towards third countries, common agriculture, transport and competition policy.
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4
Q

Single European Act year and what changed?

A
  • 1986
  • QMV more important than the unanimity= shift to more supranationalism
  • New policy areas: (policy area of the environment).
  • Introduction of the Court of First Instance= to deal with with the increasing files at CJEU. -They deal with private cases against the EC. Now it is called the General Court.
  • This act created a deadline to create the single market 31 December 1992
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5
Q

Treaty on European Union year and what changed or was introduced?

A

1992
The word Economic was removed: important sign to move on to social and political integration

Three pillared structure introduced: 1) European community, 2) Foreign Policy and Security, 3) Justice and Home Affairs.

  • New policy areas such as: Culture, Public health, Consumer protection and Trans-European networks were introduced
  • Introduction of co-decision for EP as a decision-making instrument.

-European Central Bank and Committee of the Regions introduced= is an institution in which the interest of different regional and local authorities of Europe are represented.

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6
Q

Treaty of Amsterdam and what was added or changed?

A

1997,

  • Recognition that EU is based on respect for fundamental rights, democracy and the rule of law.
  • More power to the EP: co-decision expanded
  • Part of Justice and Home Affairs incorporated in EC pillar (Asylum).
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7
Q

Treaty of Lisbon year, what changed?

A

2007,

  • Introduced the High representative for foreign and security policy and President of the European Council= deal with foreign affairs
  • Introduction citizens’ initiative, increased role of national parliaments to decrease democratic deficit
  • EC treaty becomes Treaty on the Functioning of the EU (TFEU) and three pillars merged into one single EU.
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8
Q

what is the difference between TUE and TFEU?

A
1= TEU= Treaty on European Union= contained the main goals and principles of the EU + short discerption of the institutions. 
2= TFEU= contains more detailed rules.
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9
Q

What is the definition of Legislative framework of the European union?

A

refers to the laws that the EU can make and the sources of these law-making powers.

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10
Q

what is primary legislation?

A

the highest sources of law created directly by the MS.
Treaty on European Union (TEU)
Treaty on the Function of the European Union (TFEU)
Fundamental Rights Charter (FRC)

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11
Q

what is secondary legislation?

A

always based on primary legislation.

  • Regulations
  • Directives
  • Decisions
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