L:1 Historical overview of European treaties Flashcards
Treaty on European Economic Community?
- 1957
- foundation treaty of the EU
- Goals: Establishing a common market
what institutions were in the Treaty on European Economic Community?
Institutions: ASSEMBLY [EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT], a COUNCIL, a COMMISSION, a COURT OF JUSTICE.
how did they decide Treaty on European Economic Community and what agreements?
- in 1957 unanimity was required= means that all the ministers needed to agree. One minister had a veto right. This was not a problem since the council only had six members in this period.
- QMV= currently 57% need to agree.
- This treaty contained agreements on: Common custom’s tariff towards third countries, common agriculture, transport and competition policy.
Single European Act year and what changed?
- 1986
- QMV more important than the unanimity= shift to more supranationalism
- New policy areas: (policy area of the environment).
- Introduction of the Court of First Instance= to deal with with the increasing files at CJEU. -They deal with private cases against the EC. Now it is called the General Court.
- This act created a deadline to create the single market 31 December 1992
Treaty on European Union year and what changed or was introduced?
1992
The word Economic was removed: important sign to move on to social and political integration
Three pillared structure introduced: 1) European community, 2) Foreign Policy and Security, 3) Justice and Home Affairs.
- New policy areas such as: Culture, Public health, Consumer protection and Trans-European networks were introduced
- Introduction of co-decision for EP as a decision-making instrument.
-European Central Bank and Committee of the Regions introduced= is an institution in which the interest of different regional and local authorities of Europe are represented.
Treaty of Amsterdam and what was added or changed?
1997,
- Recognition that EU is based on respect for fundamental rights, democracy and the rule of law.
- More power to the EP: co-decision expanded
- Part of Justice and Home Affairs incorporated in EC pillar (Asylum).
Treaty of Lisbon year, what changed?
2007,
- Introduced the High representative for foreign and security policy and President of the European Council= deal with foreign affairs
- Introduction citizens’ initiative, increased role of national parliaments to decrease democratic deficit
- EC treaty becomes Treaty on the Functioning of the EU (TFEU) and three pillars merged into one single EU.
what is the difference between TUE and TFEU?
1= TEU= Treaty on European Union= contained the main goals and principles of the EU + short discerption of the institutions. 2= TFEU= contains more detailed rules.
What is the definition of Legislative framework of the European union?
refers to the laws that the EU can make and the sources of these law-making powers.
what is primary legislation?
the highest sources of law created directly by the MS.
Treaty on European Union (TEU)
Treaty on the Function of the European Union (TFEU)
Fundamental Rights Charter (FRC)
what is secondary legislation?
always based on primary legislation.
- Regulations
- Directives
- Decisions