L-01-bony- thorax

Question 1

Thoracic Skeleton Components
Q: What are the main components of the thoracic skeleton?

Answer 1

A: Sternum (Manubrium, Body, Xiphoid process), Ribs, Thoracic vertebral column, Scapula

Question 2

Sternum
Q: What is the sternal angle, and where is it located?

Answer 2

A: The junction between the manubrium and the body of the sternum, located at the level of the 2nd costal cartilage

Question 3

Ribs
Q: How many ribs do humans have?
Q: What are the three types of ribs?
Q: Which ribs are considered atypical?

Answer 3

A: 24 ribs (12 pairs)
A:

True ribs (1-7): Attach directly to the sternum
False ribs (8-10): Attach indirectly via cartilage
Floating ribs (11-12): Have no anterior attachment
A: 1st, 10th, 11th, and 12th

Question 4

Thoracic Vertebrae
Q: What are the defining features of thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 4

A: Presence of costal facets for rib articulation, heart-shaped vertebral body, long downward-sloping spinous process

Question 5

Joints of the Thoracic Cage
Q: What type of joint is the 1st sternocostal joint
Q: What type of joints are the sternocostal joints of ribs 2-10?
Q: What type of joint is the xiphisternal joint

Answer 5

A: Synchondrosis
A: Synovial joints
A: Synchondrosis, which ossifies with age

Question 6

Thoracic Inlet
Q: What is another name for the thoracic inlet?
Q: What are the boundaries of the thoracic inlet?

Answer 6

A: Superior thoracic aperture
A:

Posterior: T1 vertebra
Lateral: 1st pair of ribs
Anterior: Costal cartilage of 1st rib & superior border of manubrium

Question 7

Important Landmarks
Q: What vertebral level does the jugular notch correspond to?
Important Landmarks
Q: What vertebral level does the jugular notch correspond to?

Answer 7

A:
T2 in males
T3 in females
A:
Lower border of T4 vertebra
Bifurcation of trachea
Beginning and end of aortic arch