KYS Flashcards
Overnight Rate
The interest rate at which a depository institution (typically central banks) lends or borrows funds with another depository institution in the overnight market
Rating/Credit Rating
The capacity of an institution to pay for its debt and the risk attached to investing in this debt
Static Data
Data for which the values do not change over time
- Counterparties
- Day Count Conventions
- Currency
- Indices
- Bonds
- Equities
- Portfolio Hierarchy
- Baskets
Bond
- Fixed-Income/Debt Instrument
- Investor buys a bond (essentially lending money to the issuer for a predetermined period of time)
- During period, issuer agrees to make periodic interest payments (coupon payments) to the bondholder and repay the principal amount at maturity
Equity Index
- A measure that tracks the performance of a specific group of stocks in a financial market
- Typically calculated using a weighted average of the prices of the constituent stocks
eg S&P 500; Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA)
Future
Financial contract that obliges buyer to buy an asset such as physical commodity or financial instrument on agreed upon future date for an agreed price
Future Cash
Flows that are fixed but have not been paid
PnL
Cash + Market value
Economic PnL
Sum of Accounting PnL; Financing and PVE
Accounting PnL
All proceeds received MINUS All proceeds paid (Sum of past cash, future cash and market value)
Interest Rate Swap
- Contract to trade interest rate payments for a set period (NOT the principal amount)
- Traded OTC - negotiated privately between two counterparties
- Used manage risk associated with fluctuating interest rates
Market Value
- Sum of the discounted future flows for BOTH legs
- Discounted future cash flows
PVE
Effect of bringing the market value from value date to the evaluation date
How To Value a Bond
Calculate Present Value of Coupon Payments; Calculate Present Value of Principal Repayment; Sum Present Values
Define a Swap Trade (Mx)
1.Select a Swap Generator
2.Define nominal
3.Define start period and maturity date
4.Define the fixed rate to apply