KWARTAAL 3 LEIERS Flashcards
Who was the first president of South Africa chosen by all the people?
Nelson Mandela
When was Nelson Mandela born?
1918
Where was Nelson Mandela born?
He was born in a tiny village called Mveso in the Eastern Cape.
How old was Nelson when he left the rural town where he grew up and where did he move to?
He was 23 and he went to Johannesburg.
Where and what did Nelson Mandela study?
He studied law at Wits University.
When did Nelson Mandela join the ANC?
1943
What did the government do to stop the protests?
They made a law to make the protests illegal.
What prison did Nelson Mandela go to? And when did he go there?
Robben Island, 1962
What did Nelson Mandela do when he was in Prison?
He remained leader of ANC. He helped other prisoners to sort out differences.
What were the prison conditions like?
They were very bad. Mandela led many protests like hunger strikes so that the conditions would improve.
Why was Nelson Mandela a good leader?
He was prepared to suffer for the good of his people.
He was always willing to talk and listen even to those who had imprisoned him.
What are the 8 qualities of a good leader?
- Good leaders listen to people
- Good leaders work for the good of the people
- Good leaders work with a team.
- Good leaders have courage
- Good leaders are brave
- Good leaders are dedicated to their beliefs
- Good leaders are dedicated to others
- Good leaders will give up something for others
What does injustice mean?
Something not being fair or right
What does conflict mean?
A fight or an argument
What does racism mean?
The belief that one group of people is better than another
What does apartheid mean?
The old rules in South Africa that kept different races separate
What does protests mean?
To say that you don’t agree with something and you want it to be changed
What does democracy mean?
A system where people choose their leader by voting
What does independence mean?
Being free from another person or country
What does the name Mahatma mean?
Great Soul
What was Mahatma Gandhi’s real name?
Monhandas Karamchand
When and where was Gandhi born?
1869 in India
What did Gandhi do in South Africa?
Studied as a lawyer
How long did Gandhi live in South Africa?
21 years
What kept people separate in South Africa?
Unjust laws
What did Gandhi do against the unjust laws?
He led protests and marches against the laws
What did Gandhi believe?
He did not believe in violence and wanted people to solve their problems peacefully
What did Gandhi do when we returned to India?
He lived and worked with poor farmers.
What did Gandhi do about the unjust laws in India?
He led a march to make salt in 1930
What did Gandhi do when the police beat the people?
He said they must not fight back.
How did Gandhi make people feel?
proud of themselves and their culture.
Why do you think Gandhi was a good leader?
- He was dedicated to his beliefs.
- He made people feel proud of themselves and their culture.
- He protested peacefully
- He was brave and went to jail many times.
- He always put the needs of others first
- He was brave and marched to make salt and did not give up.
- he stood up for what he believed in and was thrown out of a white only train
Name one british law that was unfair
The salt tax not allowing them to make salt
What is the name of the system that treated people unfairly in SA, that Nelson Mandela fought against?
Apartheid
What is the name of the document that Nelson Mandela and his friends wrote as an alternative to the apartheid system?
The Freedom Charter
Why did Nelson Mandela get sent to prison?
He plotted against the apartheid government. The judge found that he had committed treason.
What do you call someone who is sent to jail for their beliefs?
A political prisoner
What was Gandhi’s first name?
Mohandas
Why did Gandhi come to South Africa?
To work as a lawyer
What was one of Gandhi’s humiliating experiences in South Africa
He was thrown off a train at Pietermaritzburg station for sitting in a first class compartment because he was Indian, even though he had a valid ticket (parental assessment required on answer)
What religion did Gandhi practice?
Hinduism
What kind of protest did Gandhi believe in?
Peaceful / non violent protest
What Hindu word means “the force that comes from truth and love or non violence “?
Satyagraha
What did Gandhi do after he left South Africa?
He continued to fight for human rights in India
When and why did Nelson Mandela have to go to prison?
In 1964. Mandela was a leader in the ANC and was responsible for organizing many violent protests against the apartheid government.
He was convicted of treason. He wanted to overthrow the government by force. He was sent to prison for life.
why was Mandela sometimes called Madiba?
It was the name of his tribe.
What does apartheid mean and when did it become legal?
In 1948, white South African voters elected a new government. Only white people were allowed to vote. New laws were put in place that separated white people from other races.
What was Gandhi like when he was a boy?
He was shy
How did Gandhi have an effect on the South African people?
Gandhi worked in SA as a lawyer. He saw that Indian people in SA at that time were not allowed to vote/ own land/ own houses. He thought that that was wrong and he used his idea of Satyagraha to lead people to protest peacefully. This idea stayed with the SA people after Gandhi left SA.
How did Gandhi protest in India?
He organised marches for long distances. He led protests against the British government in India to get the Indians free.
What did Gandhi believe in, fight for?
- peaceful protests without violence, but with firmness
- if you get arrested, you must go to prison quietly and not fight back
- if you fight for the truth, the truth will eventually win
- he fought for the poor people
How did Gandhi live?
He lived a simple life, wore simple clothes and had very few belongings.
How long did he live in SA for?
He lived there for 22 years.
Who ruled SA at that time?
Britain
What made Gandhi organize a protest with the Indian community?
He was pushed off a train for Travelling in the white only carriage. The protest was against the unjust racial laws.
What did Gandhi always tell the people who were protesting to do?
He said they should always protest peacefully and never become violent, because then they would be behaving just like the oppressor.
Why was Ghandi arrested?
For leading protested and marches
What did Ghandi do when the police tried to stop the marches?
Ghandi did not fight back. He was peaceful
What did Ghandi do for people?
He made them feel proud of themselves and their culture
What is Satyagraha?
Non-violent résistance of injustice.
What did Gandhi do in 1915?
He encouraged peasants to stop paying taxes.
What did he tell everyone they should want?
Freedom for India and self-rule.
What did he do in 1924?
He tried to get all religions in India to work together.
How did he put British factories out of business?
He told Indians not to buy British goods, instead make their own.
What were Indians not allowed to do?
Speak freely or protest
What did the British do to the leaders of the Indian Government as well as Gandhi?
Arrested them
