Kubernetes

Question 1

What is Kubernetes and why is it important in modern software development?

Answer 1

• open-source container orchestration
• automates deployment /scalling contrainerized apps
• facilitates CD and resource utilization

Question 2

Explain the key components of Kubernetes architecture.

Answer 2

1. Master Node: Controls and manages the cluster, including scheduling, scaling, and monitoring.
   2.** Worker Nodes**: Host the application containers and execute the tasks assigned by the master node.

Question 3

What are Pods in Kubernetes, and why are they essential?

Answer 3

• Pods are the smallest deployable units in Kubernetes
• It’s consisting of one or more containers sharing network and storage resources.
• They facilitate scaling, load balancing, and managing application dependencies within a** single unit.**

Question 4

What are Kubernetes Ingress controllers, and how do they manage external access to services?

Answer 4

• it manages external HTTP and HTTPS traffic to services within the cluster
• it’s acting as an API gateway or load balancer.
• They provide features like
  1: path-based routing
  2: SSL termination,
  3: traffic management

Question 5

difference between availability with liveness and readiness probes in k8s

Answer 5

Liveness Probes: (Availability)

Health monitoring
Container restarts
Detects unresponsive states
- restart if no response

Readiness Probes: (ready to incoming requests, )

Traffic control
Avoiding disruptions during updates or scaling.
- no trafice of no response

Question 6

Job vs cronjob in k8s

Answer 6

Job:
Executes one-off tasks, terminates after completion.
Ideal for batch processing, data migrations.

CronJob:
Schedules and repeats tasks based on cron expressions.
Useful for automated backups, log rotations.

Example:

Job: Running a script to update a database schema.
CronJob: Regularly backing up database data every night at 2 AM.

Question 7

Helm vs Terraform ?

Answer 7

• Both are IaC tools
• use Terraform to create k8s cluster on (Aws, GKE…)
• use Helm to deploy apps onto cluster

Helm
- use Helm as package manager for k8s
- support chart and versioning

Terraform
- general IaC, works with (aws, google, azure, …)