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end of year 9 revision cards > ks3 science > Flashcards

ks3 science Flashcards

1
Q

how many planets are in our solar system?

A

8

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2
Q

what shapes are the paths of asteroids and comets?

A

ovals

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3
Q

What holds our solar system together?

A

gravity from the sun

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4
Q

what does terresrtial mean?

A

earth like

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5
Q

which planets are terrestrial planets?

A

mercury, venus, earth, mars

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6
Q

which planet is the hottest in our solar system?

A

venus

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7
Q

why is venus the hottest planet in our solar system?

A

it has a large concentration of greenhouse gases in its atmosphere

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8
Q

which planets are gas giants?

A

jupiter, saturn, uranus, neptune

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9
Q

what seperates the terrestrial planets from the gas giants?

A

an astroid belt

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10
Q

give two reasons why pluto is a dwarf planet

A

it is to small to qualify as a normal planet and it has not cleared its orbit.

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11
Q

what are comets made out of?

A

ice

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12
Q

what is the largest planet in our solar system?

A

jupiter

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13
Q

what is a lightyear?

A

the distance in which it takes light a year to travel across

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14
Q

what is the equation for distance?

A

speed x time

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15
Q

what are the two types of waves?

A

transverse and longitudinal

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16
Q

is light a transverse wave or a longitudinal wave?

A

transverse

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17
Q

is sound waves longitudinal waves or transverse waves?

A

longitudinal

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18
Q

what is the difference between weight and mass?

A

mass is a measure of of the amount of matter an object is made out of whereas weight is the force that acts on mass due to gravity

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19
Q

what is the equation for weight?

A

mass x gravity

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20
Q

why will somebody’s weight be different on earth then on mars?

A

there is more/different gravity on earth then mars

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21
Q

will a falling feather move faster on earth or on the moon and why?

A

it will move faster on the moon because it is a vaccume therefore air resistance will not act on the feather

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22
Q

What unit is energy measured in?

A

joules

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23
Q

what is the equation for density?

A

mass / volume

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24
Q

what is the equation for volume in a regular shape?

A

length x width x height

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25
Q

which state of matter has the least density?

A

gas

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26
Q

which of the states of matter can be compressed?

A

gases (and very few liquids- do not have to know this for exam)

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27
Q

what affects the amount of current flowing through the circuit?

A

resistance

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28
Q

what shape is the symbol for a resistor?

A

rectangle

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29
Q

what can voltage also be referred to as?

A

potential difference

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30
Q

what is the equation for resistance?

A

potential difference (voltage) / current

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31
Q

what elements are magnetic?

A

iron, nickel, cobalt

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32
Q

what material is often used to show a magnetic field?

A

iron fillings

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33
Q

which way does a magnetic field flow?

A

north and south

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34
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A

gases, solids and liquids

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35
Q

what is melting?

A

a solid becoming a liquid

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36
Q

what is freezing?

A

a liquid becoming a solid

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37
Q

what is condensation?

A

a gas becoming a liquid

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38
Q

what is evaporation?

A

a liquid becoming a gas

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39
Q

what is solid CO2 called?

A

dry ice

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40
Q

What is the most important thing to remember about energy?

A

it cannot be created or destroyed

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41
Q

what does an electromagnet use to create a magnetic field?

A

electrical current

42
Q

how can you strengthen an electromagnet?

A

increase the current
increase the number of turns in the coil
add an iron core

43
Q

what is the difference between an electromagnet and a normal magnet?

A

you can turn an electromagnet off

44
Q

do opposite poles attract or repel?

A

attract

45
Q

does the same pole attract or repel?

A

repel

46
Q

what is the equation for speed?

A

distance / time

47
Q

what is the equation for relative speed?

A

fastest speed- slowest speed

48
Q

what is an element?

A

a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances

49
Q

how many elements are there in the periodic table?

A

118

50
Q

what is a compound?

A

A compound is a substance that is made from more than one element that are chemically bonded together.

51
Q

what is a mixture?

A

when multiple compounds or elements are together but are not chemically bonded

52
Q

what is the chemical symbol for sulfuric acid?

A

H2SO4

53
Q

what is the ph for acids?

A

1-6

54
Q

what is the ph for alkalies?

A

8-14

55
Q

what is the ph for a nuetral substance?

A

7

56
Q

what colour is the universal indicator in a neutral solution?

A

green

57
Q

what colour is the universal indicator in a alkaline solution?

A

blue - purple

58
Q

what colour is the universal indicator in acidic solution?

A

red - orange

59
Q

what do you need for a neutralisation reaction to take place and what is the result?

A

you need an acid and an alkali and it creates a neutral solution

60
Q

how would you describe a reactive element?

A

it takes part in many chemical reactions

61
Q

what is a displacement reaction?

A

a reaction where a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element in a chemical reaction

62
Q

what are the horizontal rows of the periodic table called?

A

periods

62
Q

what are the vertical columns of the periodic table called?

A

groups

63
Q

what happens to the melting points as you go down group one of the periodic table?

A

decrease

64
Q

what are the properties of a metal?

A

high melting and boiling points
good conductors of heat and electricity
they are shiny
they are malleable

65
Q

what are the properties of non-metals?

A

poor conductors of heat and electricity
dull in their appearance
weak and brittle

66
Q

what happens in an oxidation rection?

A

a substance gains oxygen atoms

67
Q

what gas is needed for fuel to burn?

A

oxygen

68
Q

what is thermal decomposition?

A

a chemical reaction that happens when a compound breaks down when heated.

69
Q

What is the conservation of mass?

A

the law that during chemical reactions no atoms are created or destroyed

70
Q

what is combustion?

A

combustion is the same as burning. in a combustion reaction, fuel is burned and reacts with oxygen to release energy

71
Q

what charge has a proton got?

A

positive

72
Q

what charge is a neutron?

A

neutral

73
Q

what charge is an electron?

A

negative

74
Q

what charge is an atom?

A

neutral

75
Q

what are the seven life processes and what acronym is used to remember this?

A

acronym= MRS GREN
movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition

76
Q

what is biodiversity?

A

the range of living organisms in a habitat

77
Q

what process moves oxygen from the alveoli to the blood?

A

diffusion

78
Q

what is diffusion?

A

particles moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

79
Q

give two reasons how alveoli is adapted for gas exchange?

A

has a large surface area, is only one cell thick, they have moist surfaces

80
Q

what is created when anaerobic respiration takes place?

A

lactic acid

81
Q

what is the name of the type of respiration that requires oxygen?

A

aerobic respiration

82
Q

Approximately how long is the menstrual cycle?

A

28 days

83
Q

On what day of the menstrual cycle is an ovum released?

A

around day 14

84
Q

what hormone do females have an increase of through puberty?

A

oestrogen

85
Q

what hormones do males have an increase of through puberty?

A

testosterone

86
Q

what hormone do females have an increase of through the second half of the menstrual cycle?

A

progesterone

87
Q

what is found in plant cells but not animal cells?

A

cell wall, vacuole and chloroplasts

88
Q

what is the role of the cell wall?

A

keeps the cell firm and rigid

89
Q

what is the role of the cell membrane?

A

controls what goes in and out of the cell

90
Q

what is the role of the cytoplasm?

A

where the chemical reactions take place

91
Q

what is the role of the mitochondria?

A

where respiration takes place

92
Q

what is the chemical found in chloroplasts and what is its role?

A

the chemical is chlorophyll and the role of the chloroplasts is to carry out photosynthesis

93
Q

what is the role of the vacuole?

A

to store cell sap

94
Q

what is the role of ribosomes?

A

where protein is produced

95
Q

what is the role of the nucleus?

A

to store DNA

96
Q

how many chromosomes does each cell contain?

A

46

97
Q

what organ produces bile?

A

the liver

98
Q

how many chambers does your heart have?

A

4

99
Q

how is a red blood cell adapted?

A

large surface area, they do not respire aerobically, they have large amounts of heamoglobin and they have no nucleus

end of year 9 revision cards (1 decks)

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