Kroenke (2008) Flashcards
1
Q
Aim
A
Asses the PhQ-8 as a method of measuring depression in a large population
Compare two methods of defining depression (diagnostic algorithm and cut point)
2
Q
Procedure
A
- 198,678Americans mental health survey over the phone
- Obtained data from the survey and analysed responses to questions (Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance Survey)
- interviewees completed PHQ - 8. For each symptom stated number of days each symptom was experienced in the past two weeks. Score 0-24.
PHQ score was assessed using algorithm and cut point
Then 3 questions were asked to indicate mental & physical health over previous 30 days
And five addition questions e.g sleep problems etc (only asked in 3 US states)
3
Q
Results
A
Algorithm method prevelance 9.1%
Cutpoint method prevalncece 8.6%
4
Q
Conclusion
A
PHQ - 8 generally accurate or slightly conservative estimates of depression rates in US
It’s a good way to use
5
Q
Reliability
A
- Highly standardised procedure
- BRFFS survey uses standardised questionnaire and was delivered by trained interviewers in telephone calls
- no face to face cues that could’ve caused demand characteristics
Good reliability
6
Q
Application
A
- shows PHQ can be used for initial depression diagnosis allow people to get earlier diagnosis and effective treatemnet
- can be used in population studies to judge the extent of depression in a community
7
Q
Validity
A
- Similarity between DSM based PHQ algorithm and the PHQ-8 cut point suggests PHQ is a valid tool for measuring depression depression
- validity is strengthened by link between PHQ scores and days of impairment due to physical and mental health and impaired social activity
8
Q
Ethics
A
Careful considerations
Detailed consent form and date is kept confidential
However questions are extremely personal and may cause distress
But overall is done in an ethical way making people more likely to do the study and increasing validity
