KQ2 - Why was Hitler able to dominate Germany by 1934?

Question 1

What was the 25-point plan?

Answer 1

A series of demands, rules and promises aimed to generate further support for the Nazis

Question 2

What went wrong in the Munich Putsch?

Answer 2

• Von Kahl, Von Lossow and Von Seisser called off the rebellion on the 4th of October 1923
• Hitler then stormed a Beerhall with 600 SA members on the 8th of November and forced the 3 men to agree to rebel
• Kahl, Sessier and Lossow left the Beerhall to inform the police of Hitler’s plans
• The Munich Pusch began but the police were already stationed and outnumbered the Nazis
• 16 Nazis were injured and the lack of support from the Bavarian people caused Hitler to lose his nerve
• Hitler was arrested

Question 3

How was Hitler’s arrest beneficial to the Nazi party?

Answer 3

• Trials gave Hitler a platform to spread his ideals and established him as the natural leader of extreme right-wing nationalists throughout Germany
• Hitler won Ludendorff’s support
• Hitler only served 9 months of a 5 year sentence
• Hitler wrote Mein Kamphf
• Hiter emerged as a stronger figure after the putsch

Question 4

What was the Nazi response to the Depression?

Answer 4

Nazis said:
- Weimar government is weak and that Nazis are strong leaders
- The Nazis will solve unemployment by expanding roads and creating jobs
- Hitler’s SA are the only force capable of dealing with communism

Question 5

What inspired Hitler’s Munich Putsch?

Answer 5

Mussolini’s March on Rome

Question 6

When was the Munish Putsch?

Answer 6

8th - 9th of November 1923

Question 7

What was the membership of the Nazi party by 1923?

Answer 7

3000

Question 8

When did Hitler become the leader of the National Socialist German Worker’s Party?

Answer 8

1921

Question 9

How many seats had the Nazis gained by the general election in 1928?

Answer 9

12

Question 10

How many seats had the Nazis gained by the general election in 1930?

Answer 10

107

Question 11

How many seats had the Nazis gained by the general election in July of 1932?

Answer 11

230

Question 12

How many seats had the Nazis gained by the general election in November of 1932?

Answer 12

196

Question 13

How many seats had the Nazis gained by the general election in 1933?

Answer 13

288

Question 14

What was backstairs intrigue?

Answer 14

• A series of secret political meetings and negotiations that were held between Hitler and other politicians in the run-up to Hitler becoming Chancellor
• This could also be referred to as ‘political manoeuvring’

Question 15

What was the impact of the Depression on the Weimar Government?

Answer 15

• German people lost hope in the Weimar Republic because of how badly they dealt with the Depression
• Desperate times caused people to vote for the extremist parties
• Weimar Republic was overthrown by the Nazi Party through democratic means

Question 16

Why did the German people lose faith in the Weimar Republic in the Depression?

Answer 16

• Weimar dealt with it terribly
• Increased taxes and reduced pay
• Which the German people hated since it decreased their standard of living

Question 17

When was the Reichstag Fire?

Answer 17

27th of February 1933

Question 18

Describe the events of the Reichstag Fire

Answer 18

• The Reichstag building was set on fire
• The person and supposed perpetrator found in the building was a man named Marius van der Lubbe
• van der Lubbe was thought to be part of the communist party
• van der Lubbe was charged with the blame for starting the fire and therefore the communist party was blamed

Question 19

What the the 3 possible interpretations of the Reichstag Fire?

Answer 19

• van der Lubbe was the sole perpetrator
• van der Lubbe was part of a revolutionary group
• Nazis set fire to the Reichstag and framed van der Lubbe to ensure they won the 1933 electrions

Question 20

What was the Enabling Act?

Answer 20

• Hindenburg passed a decree to ‘ensure peaceful and fair elections’ so that Hitler could shut down oppositional meetings
• Hitler used it as a way to eliminate political opposition as shown by him arresting 4000 communist leaders
• Hindenburg was persuaded to pass an emergency decree suspending all articles in the constitutions which ensured personal liberty, freedom of speed, freedom of the press and freedom of assembly.
• It gave the police emergency powers to search houses, confiscate property and detain people indefinitely without trial
• Emergency decree was in place for 12 years

Question 21

What was Night of the Long Knives?

Answer 21

• A Purge of Nazi leaders by Adolf Hitler
• He feared that the paramilitary SA had become too powerful so ordered his elite SS guards to murder the organization’s leaders, including Ernst Röhm.
• Hitler supposedly opposed certain qualities that Röhm possessed e.g. Homosexuality and being a drunkard since their friendship would make Hitler look hypocritical

Question 22

What was the Army Oath?

Answer 22

• Oath of allegiance sworn by officers and soldiers of the German armed Forces
• “I swear by God this holy oath, that I will render to Adolf Hitler, Führer of the German Reich and People, Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, unconditional obedience, and that I am ready, as a brave soldier, to risk my life at any time for this oath.”