KQ1 - What are the sources of energy and how do these vary in their global pattern?

Question 1

what is energy mix?

Answer 1

the mix of different types of energy that a country produces and consumes. This varies by country, for a number of reasons.

Question 2

what are some sources of energy?

Answer 2

oil
natural gas
coal
renewable energy
nuclear

Question 3

what are some renewables?

Answer 3

solar
wind
HEP/tidal/wave
geothermal

Question 4

where is oil globally

Answer 4

60% in middle east (saudi arabia, turkey, UAE)

Question 5

where is natural gas globally

Answer 5

1/3 in Europe and Eurasia

Question 6

where is coal globally

Answer 6

50% in pacific (india pakistan china australia)

Question 7

physical factors affecting FOSSIL global energy supply

Answer 7

Deposits of fossil fuels are only found in several locations

Question 8

physical factors affecting SOLAR ENERGY

Answer 8

Solar power needs strong sunlight and often

Question 9

physical factors affecting WIND ENERGY

Answer 9

Wind power needs strong winds

Question 10

physical factors affecting TIDAL ENERGY

Answer 10

Tidal power stations often require a very large tidal range

Question 11

physical factors affecting BIOMASS ENERGY (wood, peat)

Answer 11

Availability of biomass varies due to climatic conditions

Question 12

Economic factors affecting global energy supply

Answer 12

ACCESSIBILITY
ONSHORE/OFFSHORE
TRANSPORT LINKS/INFASTRUCTURE
ENERGY PRICE

Question 13

how is the economic factor ACCESIBILTY affecting global energy supply

Answer 13

more accesible and cheapest deposits of fossil fuels developed first

Question 14

how is the economic factor ONSHORE/OFFSHORE affecting global energy supply

Answer 14

on shore is usually cheaper than offshore

Question 15

how is the economic factor INFASTRUCTURE affecting global energy supply

Answer 15

Potential hydroelectric sites close to major transport routes + existing electricity transmission areas are more economical to build on than in inaccessible locations

Question 16

how is the economic factor ENERGY PRICE affecting global energy supply

Answer 16

• When energy prices rise significantly, companies spend more on exploration and development

Question 17

what POLITICAL factors affect the global energy supply

Answer 17

permission from International Atomic Energy Agency
international agreement
anti-pollution agreements

Question 18

Kyoto protocol…

Answer 18

…can have infulence on energy decisions of several countries

Question 19

what 3 sources provide the most energy worldwide?

Answer 19

Oil, natural gas coal

Question 20

where is energy consumption highest, MEDC’s/NIC/LEDC’s

Answer 20

1. MEDC’s (UK + US)
2. NIC’s (china)
3. LEDC’s (Mali)

Question 21

What is an NIC

Answer 21

newly industrialised country

Question 22

what is ‘proven oil reserve’

Answer 22

how much oil we have

Question 23

supply shock?

Answer 23

a significant interruption to supply due to an environmental, economic or political event

Question 24

peak oil production (POP)?

Answer 24

he year in which the world or an individual oil producing country reaches its highest level of production, with production declining thereafter.

Question 25

how can POP estimates vary?

Answer 25

- new oil reserves/energy sources discovered | - consumption rate decreases so it lasts longer

Question 26

non renewable energy sources

Answer 26

oil natural gas coal

Question 27

semi-renewable energy sources

Answer 27

wood bio fuel nuclear

Question 28

renewables in glabal energy mix

Answer 28

low, varies in each country

Question 29

places using renewables

Answer 29

spain - solar | california - renewables

Question 30

why has global energy consumption increased?

Answer 30

``` technological development increasing national wealth changes in demand changes in price environmental factors ```

Question 31

how has TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT increased global energy consumption

Answer 31

* Nuclear energy has only been available since 1954 * Oil and gas cam now be exported from much deeper waters * Renewable energy technology is advancing steadily

Question 32

how has INCREASING NATIONAL WEALTH increased global energy consumption

Answer 32

• Average income increasing = improved living standards = more energy use and more use of energy variations

Question 33

how has CHANGES IN DEMAND increased global energy consumption

Answer 33

• Before discovery of oil, Britain use coal

Question 34

how has CHANGE IN PRICE increased global energy consumption

Answer 34

* Different prices influence demand | * Power stations are cheaper to run on natural gas

Question 35

how has ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS increased global energy consumption

Answer 35

* Public opinions affect government choices | * People are more aware of environmental impacts nowadays