Kq1 Flashcards
Gallipoli campaign?
- Taking Constantinople,
- FAILURE, blamed for poor organisation
- Churchill was demoted afterwards
Membership of trade unions by the end of WWII ?
8 million
Trade union activity 1919?
Glasgow- wage strike (troops sent in)
Sept 1919- rail strike (50,000 troops)
Was Churchill right to be worried about social unrest in 1919?
Russian revolution 1917
Italy 1922
Germany 1918
But no revolutionist groups in Britain
Churchills view on communism
Despised communism
“Strangle communism in the cradle”
Why did Churchill hate communism?
- ^ trade unions
- Easter rising
- Russian Bolshevik Revolution
Easter rising 1916?
Rise of republicans in Ireland
(Extreme nationalists supplied by Germany)
Easily suppressed -> caused British backlash
What did BR do about Russian revolution?
Sent troops and £20M to assist whites
By 1920 intervention ended
Why did Churchill feel the need to assist the whites?
Morale obligation as they helped BR during the war
What was the initial problem in Ireland?
|Act of union abolished parliament
|-> Westminster governed all of Ireland
When and what was the home rule act?
1912-gave Ireland parliament back
Government of Ireland act 1920?
Separated British and Irish Parliament from N&S
Anglo- Irish war 1921-22
Civil war between Britain and IRA
- Churchill deployed black n tans
- brutality drove Irish to IRA
Churchills attitudes to Ireland by 1922?
Showed political acumen
- couldn’t defeat IRA
- BR reputation suffering
Anglo Irish treaty?
South Ireland became free state
Gold standard?
Foundation of economic prestige and stability
-came off it during the war
What was economic problem in 1925?
Churchill brought back the gold standard
-over valued it to dollar
Effect of return to the gold standard?
Very negative
- exports more expensive
- wages decreased
- coal (biggest export) fell
When was the general strike?
3rd - 12th May 1926
Reasons for general strike?
- Gold standard 1925
- Sankey commission 1919
What was the Stanley commission 1919?
Recommended nationalisation of coal industry, LG ignored it
What was the Samuel commission 1926?
Govt subsidy should be withdrawn
-wages should be reduced to save profits
What did govt do to prepare for general strike?
- Stock piled coal
- patriotic volunteers
Churchills attitude towards the general strike 1926?
- despised it
- Bolshevik inspired
- no sympathy for miners
- did try to conciliate afterwards
Why did the general strike fail?
- govt planned
- too expensive for trade unions
What happened after the general strike?
1927- illegal to general strike
- conciliated miners
- labour 1929 victory
Abdication crisis affect on Churchill?
Made him very unpopular amongst people as he supported the King
Ton-y-pandy?
1910-Welsh miners strike
Churchill sent tanks and troops in. Violent response.